Christian Hoefs

There are several sub-species of Twite - in mainland Europe ssp. flavirostris and ssp. pipilans in Britain & Ireland. The endemic subspecies pipilans is Red-listed (Eaton et al. 2015). In Europe, most populations are migratory.

Season of assessment

B

Population trendUnknown
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		159000-548000,285000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Carte

Connectivité globale pour Linotte à bec jaune

There are data from NW, W, C and N European regions. Recent analyses of recovery data show high connectivity between breeding and non-breeding areas for pipilans, the British & Irish subspecies (Dunning et al. 2020), which is a short-distance migrant. Mainland populations of flavirostris, roughly follow a N-S or NW-SE axis of migration.

Contrôles par Condition for Linotte à bec jaune

Overall, most recoveries are of recaptured birds  (91%). This percentage is similar between periods: changing from 86% before 1961 to 97% from 1991 to present. There is a very high concentration of recoveries in Belgium, most in Oct-Nov, but also in Mar, as a result of intensive ringing campaigns using sound-lures designed to capture actively migrating finches.

Annual Movements for Linotte à bec jaune

Movements S to lowlands of coasts and estuaries, principally around S Baltic and N Sea, start from late Aug-late Sep; migration peaks in Oct-Nov. Twite are present in C Europe from Oct, remaining to Mar-Apr. Birds return to the breeding quarters as soon as weather conditions improve, which can be as early as Jan, up to Apr. N Scandinavian populations reach their breeding sites by Apr-May.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Linotte à bec jaune

Birds from the British Isles mainly overwinter there (Raine et al. 2006), but some cross the English Channel and are the mainly found in Belgium in Oct-Nov, but many of these of birds are probably still on passage and may go as far as N Italy (one encounter). Scandinavian birds (mainly from W Norway) move N-S, with most recoveries in winter (Oct-Mar, concentrated in Nov-Feb) in S Scandinavia to northern half of C/E Europe.

Références

Statistiques Carte
Nombre de données Nombre d'individus Nombre de contrôles
Données cartographiées*
Données totales disponibles
*Données cartographiées avec des contrôles >= à 50 km
Références Carte
Dunning, J.; Finch, T.; Davison, A.; Durrant, K.L.2020 . Population-specific migratory strategies of Twite Linaria flavirostris in Western Europe. Ibis 162: 273–278
Eaton, M., Aebischer, N., Brown, A., Hearn, R., Lock, L., Musgrove, A., Noble, D., Stroud, D., & Gregory, R.2015 . Birds of ConservationConcern 4: the populationstatus of birds in the UK,Channel Islands and Isle of Man. British Birds 108: 708–746
Raine, A. F., Sowter, D. J., Brown, A. F., Sutherland, W. J.Migration patterns of two populations of Twite Carduelis flavirostris in Britain. Rringing & Migration 23: 45–52

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Michele Mendi

Small raptor, feeds almost entirely on birds. Nominate nisus: Europe to Asia Minor and Siberia; granti: Madeira and Canary Islands; punicus: Morocco to Tunisia; wolterstorffi: Corsica and Sardinia. Prefers well-grown, undisturbed, more or less extensive stands of coniferous, mixed, or less often purely deciduous trees. Population size is extremely large and stable, hence the status is Least Concern. Migratory, partially migratory, and dispersive; extent of regular seasonal movement increases progressively to north and north-east. Almost total autumn withdrawal from northernmost areas.

Season of assessment

B

Population trendStable
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		728000-1150000,915000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Carte

Connectivité globale pour Épervier d’Europe

Fennoscandian and Danish birds move mainly NE - SW: most found in the Low Countries; France and C Europe; fewer in Spain, N Italy and the UK; also N - S movement, found in C and E Europe, the Balkan, Greece and Turkey. Finnish birds advanced their migration due to global warming (Lehikoinen 2011). UK birds move mainly NNW - SSE inside the UK; few recoveries in Denmark, Low Countries and W France. Birds from Low Countries move mainly NE - SW: most found in France but also Spain and few in Morocco. Also E - W movement with recoveries in the UK. Birds from C and E Europe move mainly NE - SW, most found in the Low Countries and Switzerland, also many in France, Spain and few in the Balkan, Italy, Portugal and the UK. From E Europe most found in C Europe, few in Greece and Turkey and one in Tunisia.

Contrôles par Condition for Épervier d’Europe

Until 1960 80% of the recoveries were dead birds, including 39% shot birds. From 1961 to 1990 64% concerned dead birds, including 5,2% shot birds. From 1991 58% concerned dead birds, less than 1% was shot.
The hunting hotspots were in Belgium, N France and E Netherlands. Also many shot birds in W and S France, Spain, N Italy, Czechia, NW Germany and Denmark. Less hunting on the British Isles, S Fennoscandia, the Balkan, Greece and Turkey.

Annual Movements for Épervier d’Europe

Year around there are hotspots in the S and C UK, Denmark and the Low Countries. From Nov - Jan there are also hotspots in Switzerland and NW Germany; also many in France, SW and C Europe; fewer in Ireland, N UK, S Fennoscandia, the Balkan, Greece, Near East and NW Africa. In Feb - Mar numbers in S Europe decrease, no reports from NW Africa and Near East. In Apr- May numbers in S Fennoscandia increase, numbers in C Europe decrease; few birds in Spain, France and N Italy and no birds in the Balkan. In Sep - Oct numbers in S, C and E Europe and the Balkan increase again, numbers in Norway and Sweden decrease. In Nov hotspots in Switzerland and NW Germany are growing, numbers in Finland decrease.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Épervier d’Europe

Fennoscandian and Danish breeders are most found in the Low Countries (Aug - Mar); also many in France and C Europe (Aug - Mar); fewer in the UK (Sep - Mar), Spain (Nov - Apr), Italy (Oct - Mar), the Balkan, Greece and Turkey (Sep - Mar). UK breeders are found in Denmark (Oct - Feb), the Low Countries (Oct - Nov), France (Oct - Jan) and Ireland (Dec - Jan). Breeders of the Low Countries are most found in France (Sep - Mar), Spain (Sep - Apr) and few in Germany (Oct - Feb), Denmark (Oct), S Sweden (Sep - Oct) and Morocco (Jan). Breeders of C and E Europe are most found in W and SW Europe (Sep - May), less in Italy (Oct - Mar), the Balkan (Oct - Jan) and NW Africa (Dec - Jan). From E Europe also recoveries in Greece (Feb) and Israël (Jan).

Références

Statistiques Carte
Nombre de données Nombre d'individus Nombre de contrôles
Données cartographiées*
Données totales disponibles
*Données cartographiées avec des contrôles >= à 50 km
Références Carte
Lehikoinen, A.2011 . Advanced Autumn Migration of Sparrowhawk Has Increased the Predation Risk of Long-Distance Migrants in Finland. PLOS One 6 article no.: e20001 Link to Article (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0020001)

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Manx Shearwater by Helen Smith

Manx Shearwater P. puffinus is a monotypic black and white medium-sized tubenose of the Atlantic Ocean, breeding on islets off Iceland, Faeroe Islands, British Isles and NW France, but also Atlantic islands (Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands). Also breeding off NE Canada and Massachusetts. In winter, distributed across the whole Atlantic, down to the Cape of Good Hope and the Cape Horn, but absent from the Gulf of Guinea. Closely related Yelkouan Shearwater P. yelkouan is endemic to the Mediterranean, breeding from French islands to the eastern waters, wintering in the Black Sea too. Balearic Shearwater P. mauretanicus breeds only on Balearic Islands, and disperse in the Atlantic, especially the Bay of Biscay and Chanel, in the non-breeding season.

Season of assessment

B

Population trendUnknown
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		693000-779000,733000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Carte

Connectivité globale pour Puffin des Anglais

The available data concern predominantly puffinus, ringed in the British Isles, and dispersing to many directions, to the West, South West and South. There are some recoveries to very long distances, in southern Argentina and South Africa. There are also numerous recoveries in Europe, across British waters, the North Sea and in the Gulf of Biscay. Tracking data of puffinus concern only the breeding season (Guilford et al. 2008; Wischnewski et al. 2019). Very few local recoveries of yelkouan along French and Italian coasts. Few recoveries of mauretanicus too, but more spread around Balearic Islands, from the Algerian coast to the Bay of Biscay.

Contrôles par Condition for Puffin des Anglais

Historically two third of dead recoveries before 1960, turning to almost only live recoveries, but on breeding colonies, after 1990. Most recoveries obtained in the 2000s and from April to August.

Annual Movements for Puffin des Anglais

The relative dates of recoveries along South American coasts suggest a progression towards the South as the non-breeding season progresses, with records along Brazil in October-November, and along Argentina from November to February. Recoveries in the Bay of Biscay are mainly from March to May, suggesting that Manx Shearwaters moved to these waters on their way back to the breeding colonies. Movements between breeding colonies occur between March and September.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Puffin des Anglais

Most recoveries of puffinus concern movements between breeding colonies during the breeding season, mostly from March to October. Recoveries along South American Atlantic coasts have been obtained in all months, but less numerous from May to September. Recoveries far South off Africa are from November and January. There is an extra-limital recovery of a British Manx in Australia in November 1961. Balearic birds are recovered outside the Mediterranean mainly in July to September, with birds returning to the Balearic Islands from November onwards.

Références

Statistiques Carte
Nombre de données Nombre d'individus Nombre de contrôles
Données cartographiées*
Données totales disponibles
*Données cartographiées avec des contrôles >= à 50 km
Références Carte
Guilford, T., Meade, J., Freeman, R., Biro, D., Evans, T.J., Bonadonna, F., Boyle, D., Roberts, S.J., Perrins, C.M.2008 . GPS tracking of the foraging movements of Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus breeding on Skomer Island, Wales. Ibis 150 Link to Article (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919X.2008.00805.x)
Wischnewski, S., Arneill, G.E., Bennison, A.W., Dillane, E., Poupart, T.A., Hinde, C.A., Jessopp, M.J., Quinn, J.L.2019 . Variation in foraging strategies over a large spatial scale reduces parent–offspring conflict in Manx shearwaters. Animal Behaviour 151 Link to Article (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.03.014) : 165–176

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Sergey Dereliev

Largest of the two yellow-billed swans, breeding along pools, lakes, rivers, and in marshes and bogs in the taiga and birch forest zones of northern Europe and Asia. Most breed in Russian Federation. European population is estimated at 25,300-32,800 pairs. Recently expanded its breeding range into Baltic states, Poland, Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands. Migratory, with central European birds moving only short distances. Diet consists of aquatic plants, grasses, sedges and horsetails. During winter also on agricultural fields and pastures. Threatened by habitat degradation in eastern part of range, trend unknown.

Season of assessment

B

Population trendIncreasing
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		66800-102000,82000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Carte

Connectivité globale pour Cygne chanteur

Very clear pattern with strong connections between breeding and wintering sites of different populations. Birds breeding Iceland strongly connected to wintering sites in Ireland, Scotland and Northern England, very few connections to European mainland. Birds breeding western Finland and Sweden connected to wintering sites in low countries, few Norfolk and along Elbe in Germany. Birds breeding in Baltic and southern Finland connected to wintering sites in Eastern Germany with clear concentrations along rivers Elbe and Oder. Polish breeding sites connect mainly to Elbe river in winter, also wintering closer-by in western Poland and at Bodensee on German-Swiss border and in Hungary.

Contrôles par Condition for Cygne chanteur

Most encounters after 1995, and during winter months. Juveniles ringed between mid-July and begin September. Shot birds rare, mainly Iceland, UK and Russia. Many reports of dead birds in same areas and Finland. Most reencounters are of birds of which rings or colourmarks were read in the field.

Annual Movements for Cygne chanteur

Largely stable in December-February, with most re-encounters in UK and Ireland, low countries, Denmark, W Sweden, Germany and Poland. First birds arrive Sweden and Finland in March, northern Finland begin April. Low countries and UK and Ireland vacated by April, breeding birds arrive on Iceland. Wintering areas along Elbe and Oder vacated by mid-April, by mid-May all birds in breeding areas in Poland, Baltic, Finland and Iceland. Few encounters northern Russia in June and July. No change until end September, when first Icelandic birds start moving south. Birds arrive Western Germany begin October; end October first birds appear Denmark and low countries. Inland sites in Finland vacated end October, but quite many birds remain in SW Finland until end November. Birds appear Bodensee from November.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Cygne chanteur

Birds breeding Iceland connected to UK and Ireland in November-February. First arrive Iceland in April, last sightings in Oct on south coast. Birds wintering Norfolk mainly connect to Fennoscandia and exchange with wintering sites in low countries, some also Iceland. Birds in Polish breeding sites in May – Sept mainly found along Oder and especially Elbe in Nov – March, fewer remain on ponds in SW and W Poland. Connections to low countries very rare. Birds breeding Baltic and S. Finland Apr-Aug all found along Oder and Elbe in Nov-March with very few moving further West. Birds breeding Sweden and W Finland Apr-Aug found in Denmark and low countries in Nov-Feb. No clear staging areas visible. Connections to breeding areas further East in Russia rare, mainly from birds wintering C. Europe.

Références

Statistiques Carte
Nombre de données Nombre d'individus Nombre de contrôles
Données cartographiées*
Données totales disponibles
*Données cartographiées avec des contrôles >= à 50 km

Callum Macgregor

Breeding distribution covers most of Europe except southernmost Mediterranean, and is restricted to mountains in the south of the range. Declining numbers because of agriculture intensification and climate change, though Least Concern on IUCN Red List. Short-distant or altitudinal migrant in southern part of range, truly migratory in northernmost part. Three subspecies: citrinella in most of Europe and south-east England, erythrogenys from eastern Balkans and Russia to Siberia, caliginosa in Ireland and Great Britain.

Season of assessment

B

Population trendDecreasing
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		39000000-54000000,45500000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Carte

Connectivité globale pour Bruant jaune

Most populations are resident, or undergo local winter dispersal to lower altitudes or coastal farmlands. Some migration in a south-westward direction, e.g. from the North to Central Europe to the West of Europe, or from East to South-Central or South East Europe. Movements also attested by winter recoveries in e.g. Iberia and Mediterranean coast of France, where the species does not breed. Possible long-distance movements from Central Russia as suggested by regular Mediterranean wintering records of an Asian sister species in Europe (Pine Bunting Emberiza leucocephalos), though no ringing efforts in the extreme East of the range. Reported wintering site fidelity in migratory populations wintering in NE Spain (Herrando et al. 2011), also changes in the wintering grounds between different years and movements due to cold spells (Cramp & Perrins 1994). No evidence of sex- or age-specific dispersal strategies (Lehikoinen et al. 2017).

Contrôles par Condition for Bruant jaune

As for many passerines, recoveries are mostly birds retrapped alive (globally ~80%). This has increased as a result of increased ringing effort since the 2000s, especially in NW and N Europe. Half of the recoveries before 1961 were of dead birds, but this has fallen to ~3% in recent years.

Annual Movements for Bruant jaune

Most yellowhammers leave the northernmost part of the species range in October, and return in April. Records of breeders away from their region (North, East, …) are scattered from the first decade of October to the second decade of April. Movements from the West to Mediterranean wintering grounds seem to be more restricted in time, from late October to early March. The large ringing effort on in the North-West provide evidence that yellowhammers of ssp. caliginosa do not leave the British Isles.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Bruant jaune

Difficult to describe connectivity among months as most birds stay in their breeding region throughout the year, but some links can be described. In the North, movements within the region in October to move southwards, April to come back on breeding grounds, with very few recoveries elsewhere in Europe, despite an important ringing effort. Birds from Central Europe are present year-round in their region, but some recoveries in Mediterranean countries from mid-October to early March (Gyurácz et al. 2017). Less ring recoveries of caliginosa in Northern Scotland in mid-winter, but might be due to low ringing effort to recapture birds. Only two recoveries of British birds on the continent (in November and January), in countries with important winter ringing effort, so anecdotical.

Références

Statistiques Carte
Nombre de données Nombre d'individus Nombre de contrôles
Données cartographiées*
Données totales disponibles
*Données cartographiées avec des contrôles >= à 50 km
Références Carte
2011 . Atles dels ocells de Catalunya a l’hivern 2006-2009. Institut Català d’Ornitologia (ICO)/Lynx edicions, Barcelona, SpainEditor(s): Herrando, S., Brotons, L., Estrada, J., Guallar, S. & Anton, M.
1994 . The Birds of the Western Palearctic. Vol. 9. Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, New YorkEditor(s): Cramp, S., Perrins, C.
Gyurácz J., Bánhidi P., Góczán J., Illés P., Kalmár S., Koszorús P., Lukács Z., Németh C., Varga L2017 . Bird number dynamics during the post-breeding period at the Tömörd Bird Ringing Station, western Hungary. Ring 39: 23–82
Lehikoinen A, Santaharju J, Moller AP2017 . Sex-specific timing of autumn migration in birds: the role of sexual size dimorphism, migration distance and differences in breeding investment. Ornis Fennica 94: 53–65

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Callum Macgregor

Mandarin Duck is native to E Asia, but there are several settled feral populations in NW Europe (BirdLife International 2021). The European population grew rapidly until late 1990, but is currently declining (BirdLife International 2021). Said to be a threated bird in its native breeding area, so  the European populations may have a conservation value (Van Kleunen & Lemaire 2014), although it is listed as of Least Concern (BirdLife International 2021). 

Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Carte

Connectivité globale pour Canard mandarin

Most movements are short-distance (<1,000 km) post-fledging/post-breeding dispersal. Mainly resident in NW Europe, athough some individuals migrate, reaching the Bay of Biscay in N Iberia. Continental populations (from C, W and N Europe) seem to be more mobile, with clearer seasonal movements to the W and S, probably to avoid iced water bodies but connectivity seems to be low.

Contrôles par Condition for Canard mandarin

Most recoveries (>97%) are of birds seen alive and identified by their metal ring or colour marks. In contrast to other duck species, there are few recoveries from shooting before 1991 (~ 7%), when most recoveries were of birds intentionally taken (84%), probably for waterfowl collections, parks and zoos (Van Kleunen & Lemaire 2014); since 1991 fewer than 1% of recoveries are intentionally taken.

Annual Movements for Canard mandarin

Dispersal starts in Jul-Aug. Birds making longer-distance movements seem to reach their wintering sites rapidly, as early as Aug-Sep. Wintering reported at least up to Jan, with most recoveries being found between 50°-55° N.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Canard mandarin

NW population starts post-fledging/post-breeding dispersal in Jul/Aug - there is a recovery in the Bay of Biscay in Aug of a bird ringed in the British Isles. Recoveries of two adult males ringed in the British Isles and shot in Russia in Apr and Oct show that the British Isles host wintering birds from NE Europe. The Scandinavian population largely winters from S Scandinavia to the British Isles, with recoveries in what are presumably the winter quarters from Sep to Jan. Recoveries in Central Europe occur mostly in Sep and may be of birds still on passage.

Références

Statistiques Carte
Nombre de données Nombre d'individus Nombre de contrôles
Données cartographiées*
Données totales disponibles
*Données cartographiées avec des contrôles >= à 50 km
Références Carte
BirdLife International2021 . Species factsheet: Aix galericulata.
Van Kleunen A., Lemaire A.J.J.2014 . A risk assessment of Mandarin Duck (Aix Galericulata) in the Netherlands. Sovon-report 2014/15. Sovon-report 2014/15 Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen

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Sergey Dereliev

Pelagic gull breeding in colonies in the Arctic and subarctic region. Two subspecies, with the nominate one breeding from E Canada/Greenland to NW Russia, extending to S up to Iberia. Globally threatened species, classified as vulnerable (BirdLife International 2021)

Season of assessment

B

Population trendDecreasing
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		3250000-3450000,3330000
Red List categoryVU
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Carte

Connectivité globale pour Mouette tridactyle

A very pelagic gull (e.g., Bogdanova et al. 2011), so many recoveries show natal/breeding dispersal, rather than breeding-wintering migratory movements. Philopatry assessed to be relatively low (Coulson & Nève de Mévergnie 1992). Overall, dispersal occurs widely over N Atlantic, rarely to S Atlantic (W African coasts) or other areas (Mediterranean up to Ukraine). Return to breeding colonies normally not before the third summer, and adults move less than immatures (Barrett 1997). Birds from N colonies tend to winter N than birds from S colonies (Barrett & Bakken 1997), though connectivity is weak, overall, a finding also supported by genetic studies (McCoy et al. 2005).

Contrôles par Condition for Mouette tridactyle

Overall, most recoveries due to birds seen alive identified with leg ring(s) or other means (53%), followed by recaptures of ringed individuals (32%). Up to 1990, a high proportion (ca. 50%) of recoveries due to birds found dead, sick/wounded, and yet also a proportion of recoveries due to shot (up to 27% before 1960). From 1990 to present, a high majority of the recoveries are due to birds found alive, most (59%) identified with leg ring(s) or other means.

Annual Movements for Mouette tridactyle

Colonies left by Jul-Aug, adult birds first. Return to breeding colonies from Jan (S part of their distribution range) or from Mar (N part of their range, mostly Arctic region). Distance of migration even vary among individual birds form a same colony, revealing complex dispersal pattern which is often associated to particular individual life histories (Bogdanova et al. 2011). 

Connectivité par mois par région pour Mouette tridactyle

C European Kittiwakes show apparently random natal/breeding dispersal from the N Sea area to S Greenland, NW Europe up to N Scandinavia. Few recoveries in winter, highly biased, most inland in C Europe (often drifted birds during storms). E Kittwakes from NE Fennoscandia show natal/breeding dispersal to UK up to Greenland. Recoveries in winter mostly SW, from Europe to E Canada. N Kittiwakes from W Scandinavia show movements W/SE, either in winter or due to natal/breeding dispersal, to NW Europe, Greenland, up to E Canada. NW gulls (mostly from UK) show natal/breeding dispersal mostly from NW to NE (i.e., from E Canada to NE Fennoscandia); winter recoveries more randomly, many around Faroe, also E Canada, W European coast from Iberia to S Scandinavia.

Références

Statistiques Carte
Nombre de données Nombre d'individus Nombre de contrôles
Données cartographiées*
Données totales disponibles
*Données cartographiées avec des contrôles >= à 50 km
Références Carte
Barrett, R. T., Bakken, V.1997 . Movements of Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla ringed in Norway. Ringing & Migration 18: 25–32
Barrett, R.T.1997 . Movements of Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla ringed in Norway. Ringing & Migration 18: 25–32
BirdLife International2021 . Species factsheet: Rissa tridactyla. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 11/10/2021.
Bogdanova, M. I., Daunt, F., Newell, M., Phillips, R. A., Harris, M. P., Wanless, S.2011 . Seasonal interactions in the black-legged kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla: links between breeding performance and winter distribution. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278: 2412–2418
Coulson, J. C., Nève de Mévergnies, G.1992 . Where do young Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla breed, philopatry or dispersal?. Ardea 80: 187–197
McCoy, K. D., Boulinier, T., Tirard, C.2005 . Comparative host–parasite population structures: disentangling prospecting and dispersal in the black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. Molecular Ecology 14: 2825–2838

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Aron Tanti

A common warbler found around the Mediterranean (Shirihai et al. 2001). First record in Russia in 2010, suggesting N colonization (Bulyuk & Leoke 2010). Mostly resident, though some populations are partly migratory and winter in N Africa (Shirihai et al. 2001). Insectivorous, though its diet has a high proportion of fruit (mostly berries), especially in the non-breeding period. 

Season of assessment

B

Population trendStable
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		15400000-32100000,21400000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
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Connectivité globale pour Fauvette mélanocéphale

Data are from Mediterranean countries, mainly Spain and Italy. Encounters show random dispersal (mainly at <500 km), rather than true migration. There are exceptional long-distance recoveries in SW Palearctic/W Africa (Canary archipelago, Ghana) and in Cyprus. Several records in winter S of the Sahara, suggest that at least some birds are trans-Saharan migrants (Pearson & Lack 1992). 

Contrôles par Condition for Fauvette mélanocéphale

There are no recoveries before 1961. Between 1961 and 1990, 76% of recoveries were recaptures by ringers, while <2% were shot. Since 1991, 99% of the recoveries are from birds recaptured alive by ringers.

Annual Movements for Fauvette mélanocéphale

There are encounters in every month of the year and throughout the range. Post-breeding dispersal starts late Aug and winter quarters in S Algerian Sahara are reached in Oct (Shirihai et al. 2001). The migratory birds retun to their breeding areas from late Feb to Apr (HBW).  

Connectivité par mois par région pour Fauvette mélanocéphale

A chiefly resident species. See ‘Annual movements’.

Références

Statistiques Carte
Nombre de données Nombre d'individus Nombre de contrôles
Données cartographiées*
Données totales disponibles
*Données cartographiées avec des contrôles >= à 50 km
Références Carte
Bulyuk, V.N. & Leoke, D.2010 . The Sardinian Warbler, Sylvia melanocephala (J.F. Gmelin, 1789), a new species for Russia’s fauna. Avian Ecology and Behaviour 17: 23–24
Pearson, D. J., Lack, P. C.1992 . Migration patterns and habitat use by passerine and near-passerine migrant birds in eastern Africa. Ibis 134: 89–98
Shirihai, H., Gargallo, G. & Helbig, A.J2001 . Sylvia Warblers: Identification, Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Genus Sylvia. Helm Identification Guides. ISBN: 9780713639841Bloomsbury Publishing, London 576pp

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Anne Cotton

Large, predominantly black waterbird, relying almost entirely on fish. Breeds in small to very large colonies, found both in freshwater as well as marine habitats. Very large, near cosmopolitan breeding range. In Europe, disjunct breeding distribution from France and UK east to Black Sea region, Belarus, Baltic states, and N to northernmost Norway. Northern and eastern populations migratory, western and southern populations largely resident with some dispersal. European population 401,000-512,000 breeding pairs with increasing trend. Prone to drowning in fishing nets, some populations controlled.

Season of assessment

B

Population trendIncreasing
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		828000-1030000,926000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
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Connectivité globale pour Grand Cormoran

UK birds move due S to Atlantic coast of France and NW Spain. Birds in W Europe largely resident, Some move to France, fewer Spain and Tunisia. Central European breeders mainly move SW, some reaching Tunisia and French and Spanish Mediterranean coasts, minority moves SSE to Greece. Northern and eastern populations move longest, predominantly to Spain and Tunisia, one reached S Mali.  Males stay closer to breeding areas than females (Bregnballe et al. 1997). Minority of eastern populations move due S to Greece. Birds breeding northern Black Sea coast move to Middle east in winter or remain in area. Birds breeding Wolga Delta winter southern coast of Caspian Sea or further S to Persian Gulf.

Contrôles par Condition for Grand Cormoran

Almost two-thirds of all recoveries are of dead birds; among which 20% are shot or otherwise taken, remainder is other causes of death. Reports of shot birds biased towards France and Italy, few in N. Europe, almost none in low countries. Dead birds from other causes are relatively evenly distributed in coastal areas throughout Europe. Ringing recoveries very few, ring readings almost one-third, mainly in UK, Netherlands, Denmark and Germany.

Annual Movements for Grand Cormoran

During winter Nov-Feb most re-encounters in N. Africa, SW, SC, W and C Europe, UK/Ireland and coast of Norway. From begin Mar numbers in NW Africa and Middle East decrease, fewer in France and fewer on Norway coast. From begin April N. Africa and SE Europe largely vacated. Begin May re-encounters more concentrated in colonies in NW, W, C and N. Europe. Begin Jun. whole of S. Europe vacated and marked concentrations in low countries, Denmark, coast of UK and France and Baltic coasts. First encounters in northernmost colonies begin May, until mid Aug. First birds return to N. Africa in Oct, more dispersed re-encounters in inland France, Spain, Italy. Birds re-appear in Middle East only end Nov.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Grand Cormoran

Winter re-encounters in Nov-Mar in N. Europe entirely confined to coast, and connected to northernmost breeding sites in Jun-Jul. Breeding birds in May-Jul connect to wintering sites in France, Spain, Italy and NW Africa. Few birds winter in E. Europe, encounters in Nov-Mar on Baltic, Black Sea and Caspian Sea coasts connected to close-by breeding sites. Breeding birds in May-Jul connect to wintering sites scattered over C, SW, SC and SE Europe in Oct-Feb. Wintering birds in W. Europe Oct-Mar connect to breeding sites in UK and Ireland, Denmark and Baltic in May-Jul, but not to Northernmost colonies. Breeding birds in May-Jul connect to wintering sites in France, Spain and Tunisia in Oct-Mar. Breeding season encounters in May-Jul in SW, SC and SE Europe mainly connect to more northern breeding sites in May-Jul.

Références

Statistiques Carte
Nombre de données Nombre d'individus Nombre de contrôles
Données cartographiées*
Données totales disponibles
*Données cartographiées avec des contrôles >= à 50 km

Michele Mendi

Medium-sized forest-dwelling raptor distributed over large part of the Palaeartic and Neartic regions (BirdLife International 2021). European populations mainly sedentary with juvenile dispersal; partially migratory in Fennoscandia and Russia (Byholm et al. 2003). Reverse sexual dimorphism, with males being smaller than females. Up to 8 recognized subspecies, the nominate A. g. gentilis is the one occurring in Europe (Squires et al. 2020).

Season of assessment

B

Population trendDecreasing
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		234000-380000,291000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
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Connectivité globale pour Autour des palombes

Different movement patterns between regions (Väli & Vainu 2013). In most Europe, most movements are short-range and show juvenile dispersal around natal sites or post-breeding dispersal to better hunting grounds (Väli & Vainu 2013; Rutz et al. 2006). N populations (Fennoscandia) show a partial migratory pattern, moving seasonally southwards (SW). Finnish population mostly overwinter in S Scandinavia. Most recoveries in S Europe obtained in Greek islands. More than 85% of recovery data come from N Europe, which could in part reflect small ringing effort of this species in most Europe. Available tracking data mostly show local movements of resident individuals. 

Contrôles par Condition for Autour des palombes

Overall, most recoveries due to dead birds (ca. 73%). The proportion of deaths caused by shooting has sharply decreased with time, being 48% before 1960, 26% between 1961-1990 and only 2.8% from 1991- to present. Even though the proportion of birds found alive is increasing with time (9.1% before 1961; 17.4% between 1961-1990; 29.3% from 1991-to present), the proportion of dead recoveries is still higher (ca.64% from 1991- to present).

Annual Movements for Autour des palombes

Post-fledging and partial migration of N European population begins in Aug-Sep, across a NE-SW axis. The rest of populations are sedentary and they show short-range movements (usually <100 km) all year-round with a post-breeding peak.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Autour des palombes

Overall, outstanding peak of ringing data in Jun (most goshawks ringed as nestlings). In N Europe, juvenile dispersion or partial migration begins in Aug-Sept, following a SW axis to S Escandinavia (S Sweden, Denmark). Few data in spring, so it is sometimes difficult to separate what are true migratory movements from what could be natal or breeding dispersals (Rutz et al. 2006). Individuals from the rest of the European ringing regions does not seem to show clear temporal movement patterns.

Références

Statistiques Carte
Nombre de données Nombre d'individus Nombre de contrôles
Données cartographiées*
Données totales disponibles
*Données cartographiées avec des contrôles >= à 50 km
Références Carte
BirdLife International2021 . Species factsheet: Accipiter gentilis.
Byholm, P., Saurola, P., Harto, L., Wikman, M.2003 . Causes of dispersal in Northern Goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) in Finland. The Auk 120: 706–716
Rutz, C., Bijlsma, R.G., Marquiss, M., Kenward, R.E.2006 . Population limitation in the Northern Goshawk in Europe: A review with case studies. Studies in Avian Biology 31: 158–197
Squires, J. R., Reynolds, R. T., Orta, J., Marks, J. S.2020 . Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis), version 1.0. In Birds of the World Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA
Väli, Ü., Vainu, O.2013 . Movements of the Goshawk in Estonia: an analysis of ring recoveries. Ringing & Migration 28: 106–112

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