Contrôles par Condition for Tarier pâtre

Until 1960 33% of the recoveries were dead birds: 22% were intentionally taken and 7,6% shot. From 1961 to 1990 41% concerned dead birds: 29% was intentionally taken and 9,6% was shot. From 1991 almost all recoveries concerned alive birds.
Most dead birds were intentionally taken or shot at the coasts of Spain, Morocco and Algeria. A few birds were shot in S France and Italy. From 1991 28% of the recoveries was identified by colour marks.

Annual Movements for Tarier pâtre

From Nov - Feb birds are concentrated in the UK, the coasts of Portugal, Spain, Morocco and Algeria and in Italy. In Mar - Apr numbers in the Low Countries and C and E Europe increase, a few birds are still in N Africa. From May - Aug birds are concentrated in Spain, the UK, the Low Countries, N Italy and C and E Europe. In Sep numbers in France and S Europe increase, the first birds arrive in N Africa. In Oct numbers in the Low Countries and C and E Europe decrease, there is a hotspot in S Spain and numbers in N Africa increase.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Tarier pâtre

Breeders in S Norway are reported from the Netherlands (May), N Germany (Nov) and S Sweden (Jan). Breeders in the UK are found from Sep - Apr in the S UK, in W and S France and in N, E and S Spain. From Nov - Feb recoveries come from Mallorca, the N coast of Morocco and Algeria and one in Aug from W coast of Morocco. Breeders of the Low Countries and France are reported in France from Sep - Nov and in SE Spain, Morocco and Algeria from Oct - Mar. For C and E Europe breeders most recoveries come from the coasts of Morocco and Algeria (Oct - Apr). Also reports come from S France and S Spain (Oct - Feb), Mallorca (Jan - Feb), Italy (Sep - Oct) and Greece (Nov).

Contrôles par Condition for Courlis cendré

Hunting stopped in Great Britain (1982), Denmark (1994; Laursen 2005), Ireland (2012), with a partial (2008 onwards), then complete (from 2020), moratorium in France. Most recoveries from these countries are of dead birds, as are those from Spain and Italy - leading to heterogeneity in regional recovery rates. There are few resightings of colour-marked birds. Most live recoveries are on the  breeding grounds.

Annual Movements for Courlis cendré

Fennoscandian birds reach breeding sites from Apr, and are back on wintering sites from Jun (mainly Jul). In C Europe, birds arrive on breeding sites in Mar, and are on wintering sites from Jul. In SW Europe, the first breeders arrive at the end of Feb. First-calendar year birds migrate later than adults, leaving from mid-Jul to Aug, sometimes migrating later. Recent data from satellite tags (e.g. Jiguet et al. 2021) show that Curlew wintering in W France migrate to Russia, Belarus and Finland, but also Austria, Belgium, Sweden and the Baltic states, arriving in mid-Apr-early May, migrating across the continent in less than a week.  They left mostly in Jun, reaching wintering sites mid-July, having taken a coastal route with stopovers in the Wadden Sea and taking 2-3 weeks.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Courlis cendré

Birds wintering in W Europe (Netherlands, France and Spain) are mainly encountered breeding in Fennoscandia, N Russia and C Europe. Breeders from Fennoscandia and the Baltic states migrate SW to winter mainly in the British Isles, the Wadden Sea and France. Breeders from central Europe, including Germany and the Netherlands, are found on the Wadden Sea and European Atlantic coasts, including the British Isles, down to Spain. Breeders from France and Belgium winter from France to Morocco, mainly along the Atlantic coast of Iberia. Breeders from the British Isles winter mainly on British and Irish coasts, although some also cross the Channel.

Contrôles par Condition for Serin cini

Overall, most (>95%) recoveries due to birds captured alive, usually in ringing campaigns. Indeed, reed warblers are one the most captured passerines for ringing due to their very high catchability in mist nets situated across reed beds. By periods, however, a small but still remarkable fraction of recoveries before 1960 were due to birds found dead (ca. 10%), with less than 5% due to shot. This pattern clearly changed during the period 1961-1990, and from 1990 to present the proportion of birds found dead is absolutely marginal. Impressive sample size, with >450,000 recoveries of birds recaptured alive overall.

Annual Movements for Serin cini

Patent migration in autumn in Oct; spring migration back to breeding quarters in Mar-Apr; arrival to breeding quarters in N Europe in Apr. Birds in S half of Europe can occupy their breeding sites (especially males) as soon as weather conditions improve in mid- or late-winter.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Serin cini

Birds from C Europe show recoveries at their wintering sites situated mostly from E Iberia to Greece mostly from Nov to Feb; these birds show patent passage across the Alps in Oct; many recoveries in Apr in E Italy (spring passage before crossing the Adriatic). Birds from W Germany with many recoveries in Belgium in Oct. W/C-W populations with many recoveries in winter in S France/E Iberia. Birds wintering in Spain seem to concrentrate along Mediterranean coast, up to SW Iberia (Guadalquivir river basin).

Contrôles par Condition for Pipit maritime/spioncelle

The development of colour ringing at the end of the 1990s increased dramatically the number of recoveries and simultaneously the proportion of live recoveries, while old re-encounters were mainly of dead birds (two third before 1960, shifting to 1% after 1990).

Annual Movements for Pipit maritime/spioncelle

Water Pipit. In Ukraine, the autumn migration peak occurs in the second half of September (Dubovyk et al. 2020). Actively migrating spinoletta ringed in the Czech Republic in September move to the S or SW to winter between Greece and Spain.

Rock Pipit. North birds (littoralis) arrive in France at the end of September, and in Spain by mid-October, illustrating the progress of the fall migratory movements. In spring, the last recoveries on the Atlantic coast of France are from the first decade of March, and last sightings in Scotland are from the first week of April.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Pipit maritime/spioncelle

Water pipits (spinoletta) from South-West and South-Central Europe do not leave their regions in winter. Those from Central Europe are recovered along Mediterranean wintering sites from mid-September to the end of February.

Rock Pipit. North-Western petrosus from the British Isles hardly move to the continent. In the North, littoralis have all returned to the breeding grounds by early May, and the first southward movement are noted in the first decade of September, while the northernmost breeding sites are empty by the end of September. There are however winter recoveries in southern Scandinavia. Wintering sites in the South-West are occupied from October to February.

Contrôles par Condition for Canard pilet

Two-thirds of all recoveries refer to shot or intentionally taken birds. Clear peak in encounters during last decade of July and first decade of August, presumably marking start of hunting season in many countries. Most birds encountered in 1950-1980. Assuming large unknown category pre-1960 refers to shot birds mainly, proportion shot birds has declined over time, with 40% in 1991-present, and ring recoveries and ring readings reaching more than 50% in this period.

Annual Movements for Canard pilet

Wintering quarters vacated during end March begin April, spring migration concentrated in April and early May, with birds reaching Russian breeding grounds last decade of May. First southward movements already by end of June, birds reaching southern moulting areas in Wolga Delta and Western European wetlands end July and August, others remaining at scattered locations further north. Most birds reaching western European and UK wintering areas in September and October. Southern wintering areas in Africa and Asia reached in November. Hunting seasons likely bias movements patterns.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Canard pilet

Bird encountered in winter months in Western Europe connected to staging sites in SW Russia in April, western and north western Russia in May, and to breeding grounds in Finland and Russia in June - July. Some connections to Wolga Delta in late summer suggesting some western European winterers moult there. Very large numbers encountered in Wolga Delta in July mainly connect to staging and breeding sites in Russia both sides of Ural in May-July, and to wintering sites in Italy, Balkan, Greece, Tunisia and Middle East in November – March. Many mid-winter movements within Europe between UK and mainland and from low countries to France, Spain and some extent Italian Po Delta. Summer encounters in West and central Europe few and Only connected locally.

Contrôles par Condition for Nyctale de Tengmalm

Currently protected species in Europe. Most encounters were obtained after late 1980s, N Europe being the region holding the bulk of them (ca. 79%). The encounters mainly come from Apr-Jun – 51% (nestbox ringing), and from Sep-Oct (37%, autumn dispersal/ irruptions).

The encounters based on dead birds considerably decreased over time (from 87% pre-1960 to 8% after 1991), while those based on alive birds – markedly increased (from ca. 8% to 91% respectively); the latter is mostly due to ringing encounters. Nestbox encounters keep rather constant share after 1961 (ca. 5%). Encounters based on shot birds are from pre-1960 only (17%). Traffic and collision with glass are among the currently important negative factors.

Most distant recoveries (>=50 km) are less than 550 km from the ringing site.

Annual Movements for Nyctale de Tengmalm

Post-natal and autumn movements start in late Jul to early Aug and last usually until Oct, early Nov at latest (Korpimäki, Hakkarainen, 2021). Juveniles from the population in Finland are recorded between Sep and Feb wintering in Scandinavia during invasion, having taken SW, W and even NW routes from the breeding grounds (Saurola et al. 2013). Scandinavian population seems to disperse/ migrate within the peninsula mostly.

Return movements in spring take place between Mar and early May (Noskov et al. 2016).

Similarly to N Europe, large-scale irruptive movements (some nearly 800 km) have been recorded in C Europe as well (Korpimäki, Hakkarainen, 2021).

Although the species is largely resident in S Europe, a long-distance movement of 156 km has been recorded within the Spanish Pyrenees (Malagelada et al. 2007).

Connectivité par mois par région pour Nyctale de Tengmalm

Females move much further away in their natal dispersal compared to males – 140 vs. 47.7 km respectively (Newton et al. 2002). Based on data from Fennoscandia during post-natal dispersion and autumn migration juveniles are more frequent than adults, and the sex ratio of juvenile owls is significantly female-biased; in addition, among juveniles, males migrate earlier than females (Hipkiss et al. 2002).

Regular autumn movements are thought to extend at least 500–600 km (Korpimäki, Hakkarainen, 2021).

Post-breeding dispersal and autumn migration movements are evident from mid- to late summer; during invasion, the Finnish birds are mainly encountered from early autumn to late winter SW, W & NW (Sweden and Norway) from their natal sites (Saurola et al. 2013).

Return migration to the breeding grounds takes place early- to late spring.

Contrôles par Condition for Sterne arctique

About 23% of all re-encounters are ringing recoveries, an almost equal proportion to what is seen in common terns. Birds otherwise identified, e.g. rings being read in the field are uncommon at 6% (common tern 32%), but large increase after 1990, because colour-ringing is relatively new in Arctic tern. Both categories mainly in UK, Belgium, Netherlands and Denmark. Dead birds make up 54% of total, occurring equally across entire range. Shot and intentionally taken birds rare at 5%, mainly in Denmark, France, Spain and W Africa.

Annual Movements for Sterne arctique

From mid Nov to end Mar, all recoveries in Africa, except few odd records in Europe. Begin Apr birds appear in Denmark, mid/end Apr Netherlands, British Isles. N Baltic reached begin May, density highest in all breeding areas up to N Norway from mid-Jun, when first birds reach Iceland and Svalbard. Stable until end Jul. Through Aug, density in N Europe decreasing and movement S to France, Spain and first birds reach W Africa, already many there by end Aug. Rapid decline in whole of Europe through Sep, first birds appear S Africa. Mozambique and Australia reached mid Oct, brief concentration Denmark, the last birds leaving Europe until none left mid Nov. End Oct W Africa vacated, birds in Gulf of Guinea and S to Angola, by end Nov most in Southern Africa or beyond.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Sterne arctique

Connections in Aug-Sep in all regions show post-breeding movement from Baltic to W coast of Norway, likely overland, Germany/Netherlands, British Isles and W coast of France. Some movements from Baltic towards Black Sea. Nov-Jan connections very rare and local only. Most ringing during breeding Jun-Jul, connecting all regions to coasts of W Africa in Aug-Mar, S Africa in Oct-Mar without variation. NW and N birds also found in Australia and N Zealand in Oct-Dec (Jun), and NW. Birds from Iceland and Sweden found in S America in Nov and Apr. Geolocators show true extent of movements and variation between regions: after rounding S Africa, Baltic and Dutch terns flew to Antarctica reaching 207E, while such movements were much less prominent among Greenland birds (Alerstam et al. 2019).

Contrôles par Condition for Aigle royal

Ring recoveries consist of 80% of live birds identified in the field from their ring, but historically most were dead recoveries, even until 1990.

Annual Movements for Aigle royal

Recoveries are mainly from the North, in winter, with also another peak of young birds moving in May-June, and at moderate distances, but up to 1500 kilometres. Immatures are not territorial and more prone to move away from the natal area (Weston et al. 2013). Young females are prominent dispersers and show a more eager exploratory behaviour (Soutullo et al. 2006).

Connectivité par mois par région pour Aigle royal

Birds breeding in the North are in their breeding region from May to August, with first record further South in East Europe in September, then in Central Europe too, from October to March. Birds from East Europe can move to Central Europe at similar dates. Birds from Central Europe are mainly from the Alps and hardly move to more Mediterranean sites in winter.

Contrôles par Condition for Canard siffleur

Most encounters are in winter, with distinct second peak in May during hunting season in Russia. Two thirds of recoveries related to hunting with no clear trend in time. Ringing recoveries make up most of the other encounters, representing a long tradition of catching and ringing ducks on reserves and in duck decoys.

Annual Movements for Canard siffleur

Wintering birds reach furthest south in mid-winter, with Spanish sites already vacated begin March, France end March. Eastward movements from end March to areas SE of Moscow, then gradually further north to reach breeding belt around Arctic circle end of May. Summering and moulting birds in western Europe show no connection to Russian breeding sites, suggesting no or local breeding, first influx occurs in August after annual wing moult. More birds arrive through September and October, with onwards movements along the western European coasts. Despite presence of the species in winter in sub-Saharan Africa, no encounters there and encounters on north African coast very few and connected to Wolga delta, suggesting eastern origin of wigeon wintering in Africa.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Canard siffleur

Traditional duck decoys in Netherlands are focal points with strong connections to France and Eastern UK in mid-winter. Wetland reserves are nuclei in UK, with most winter connections to other sites on British Isles, and to Italy and France. Wintering birds in Western Europe connected to sites in Finland in summer, connections further east to Russia are mainly in May, when most hunting takes place, with April encounters occurring further south, representing earlier arrival and spring hunting. South-Eastern and South-central European wintering areas connect to both wintering areas in western Europe and in the Wolga Delta, linking birds from different flyways. Wolga winterers mainly connect to Russia east of Ural in May. Some birds in Iceland in summer connect to East coast of US in autumn.

Contrôles par Condition for Pipit farlouse

Annual Movements for Pipit farlouse

There are many recoveries of North birds obtained in West Europe, along the Wadden Sea; most are obtained from early September to the end of October, with very few later in the winter, so concern birds on the move to more southward wintering destinations. Winter recoveries of these northern birds are mainly from southern Spain and North Africa (Tellería et al. 2014). In spring, most movements occur during April, while some late migrants can be observed until earl May.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Pipit farlouse

Most birds of the North-West region have finished the spring migration at the start of April, and will start to move to the continent in early September, leaving their northernmost breeding range (Scotland) during October. Mid-September marks also the start of the southward movements for birds of West, Central and North Europe, which will be on the move in October, and have all reached their wintering grounds after the first decade of November. In spring, most birds are back on the breeding grounds during the last decade of April.