Callum Macgregor

Small finch breeding from W Europe to C Siberia; wintering around the Mediterranean and into N Europe and across to the Himalayas. Populations from W, S and C Europe vary from resident to partial migrant (BirdLife International 2022).

Season of assessment

B

Population trendIncreasing
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		35800000-64400000,46100000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Mapa

Conectividad global para Pardillo común

Populations from S Europe tend to be resident; migratory behavior increases with latitude. All migratory European populations/individuals show a clear NE-SW axis of movement with obvious parallel migration and therefore strong connectivity with winter distribution mirroring breeding distribution. Birds from NW and W Europe to W Scandinavia move SW to Iberia, with some reaching NW Africa. Birds from E Fennoscandia to C and E Europe overwinter from E Iberia/S France to Italy. 

Recuperaciones por condición para Pardillo común

The vast majority of recoveries (almost 90%) are of birds found alive, mostly recaptures by ringers (~80%). Before 1991, however, around 40% of recoveries were of birds found dead, sick, wounded or shot. This pattern clearly changed in more-recent years when these fates accounted for less than 5% of recoveries, with ~98% being of birds seen alive, mostly recaptures from ringing.

Movimientos anuales para Pardillo común

Migration in autumn starts in Sep in N latitudes, clearly occuring in Oct across much of Europe. Birds stay in their wintering sites mostly Nov-Mar/Apr with return passage, across much of Europe, peaking in Apr. Arrival in the most N breeding quarters may be as late as May.

Conectividad por mes por región para Pardillo común

Breeders from W Scandinavia migrate through C Europe mostly in Oct (autumn) or Apr (spring) and are mainly at their wintering sites Nov-Feb. The relatively longer-distance migrants from NW and W Europe are mainly on passage through the W Pyrenees in Oct, and then overwinter in Iberia. In  S England and France most movements are short-range. The concentration of encounters in Belgium is mainly due to birds on passage from Scandinavia, en route to SW Europe. Breeders from C Europe are found from E Iberia to Italy in Nov-Feb; those from E Europe are encountered from southern France to the Black sea area.

Referencias

Estadísticas Mapa
Nº de registros Nº de individuos Nº de recuperaciones
Datos en el mapa*
Total de datos disponibles
* Los datos del mapa incluyen solo recuperaciones lejanas (>= 50 km)

Anne Cotton

Medium-sized thrush, feeds on a wide variety of invertebrates, in autumn and winter also berries. Nominate iliacus breeds from North Europe to central Asia; winters to North Africa and Near East, ssp. coburni breeds in Iceland and Faeroes and winters in NW Europe and Iberia. Likes cover of birch or mixed woodland, often with many pines and spruces, especially along rivers and on floodlands, but also in low thickets of scrub birch, dwarf willow, and juniper, preferably on swampy ground. The european population is decreasing and the status is Near Threatened. Migratory or partially migratory.

Season of assessment

B

Population trendDecreasing
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		16200000-28100000,21300000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Mapa

Conectividad global para Zorzal alirrojo

Fennoscandian birds move mainly NE - SW, there are many encounters in NW Europe, Iberia, Italy and a few in N Africa. A minority moves more westerly to the British Isles or more easterly to SE Europe, Georgia and Near East. Birds from NE Europe move mainly NE – SW to N Italy, S France and Iberia, but also to W Europe and UK. From Iceland birds move NW - SE to Ireland, UK, W Europe and Iberia. From the UK movements are predominantly N – S to SW France. A minority moves more westerly to Iberia or more easterly to W and C Europe, Italy, Greece, Georgia and Near East. Birds ringed in W Europe move mainly in NE - SW direction to S France and Iberia. There are also movements in NW - SE directions to Italy and more easterly to Greece, Georgia, Turkey and Lebanon.

Recuperaciones por condición para Zorzal alirrojo

From 1962 annual number of encounters fluctuated around 600, with a maximum of 1069 in 1979 and a minimum of 298 in 1992. Most encounters are from 8 October to 7 November. Furthermore, a small peak in the first two decades of January and from 20 May to 20 June.
Until 1990 about 75% of recoveries were dead birds, including about 42% shot birds. After 1990 about 35% concerned dead birds, including 24% shot birds. The hunting is highly concentrated in Portugal, Italy, S France and Spain. Also in Greece, Georgia, Cyprus and Lebanon many birds are shot.

Movimientos anuales para Zorzal alirrojo

Few birds leave Fennoscandian already in Aug - Sep. In Oct most birds are moving SW, a few birds left in N Fennoscandia, concentrations arise in the Low Countries, E UK, SW France and N Italy. In Nov birds move more to S Europe. In Dec - Feb many birds in Italy and Portugal, also more birds in SE Europe, a few in N Africa. In March few birds in N Africa, S and W Europe and UK, only in SW France many encounters. In Apr most birds are back in Fennoscandia. Birds leave E Europe in Oct, most birds found in the Baltic States, Belgium and S Europe. From Nov - Feb most birds moved to S Europe and Portugal. In Mar few birds in S France and from Apr - Sep birds back in E Europe. Birds leave Iceland Oct - Nov. From Nov - Mar wintering in British Isles and Portugal. In Apr most are back in Iceland.

Conectividad por mes por región para Zorzal alirrojo

Birds from Fennoscandia are found in the UK from Oct - Apr and in Ireland in Jan. Most recoveries from Oct - Mar come from SW and S France and also many from W Europe, SW Iberia and Italy. Also some encounters from Dec - Mar in N Africa, Greece, Cyprus, Georgia and Near East (one in Iran). Eastern European birds have also most recoveries in SW and S France from Dec - Feb. They are also found in Italy, W Europe, Iberia and the UK from Oct - Mar. One bird was reported in Nov in Algeria and one in Feb in Greece. From Oct - Feb many birds ringed in W Iceland are recovered in W Iberia, SW France and Ireland, a minority is recovered more northerly in W Europe and the UK. Birds ringed in E Iceland mostly are reported from the British Isles from Oct - Apr and a minority from W Europe.

Referencias

Estadísticas Mapa
Nº de registros Nº de individuos Nº de recuperaciones
Datos en el mapa*
Total de datos disponibles
* Los datos del mapa incluyen solo recuperaciones lejanas (>= 50 km)

Christian Hoefs

There are several sub-species of Twite - in mainland Europe ssp. flavirostris and ssp. pipilans in Britain & Ireland. The endemic subspecies pipilans is Red-listed (Eaton et al. 2015). In Europe, most populations are migratory.

Season of assessment

B

Population trendUnknown
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		159000-548000,285000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Mapa

Conectividad global para Pardillo piquigualdo

There are data from NW, W, C and N European regions. Recent analyses of recovery data show high connectivity between breeding and non-breeding areas for pipilans, the British & Irish subspecies (Dunning et al. 2020), which is a short-distance migrant. Mainland populations of flavirostris, roughly follow a N-S or NW-SE axis of migration.

Recuperaciones por condición para Pardillo piquigualdo

Overall, most recoveries are of recaptured birds  (91%). This percentage is similar between periods: changing from 86% before 1961 to 97% from 1991 to present. There is a very high concentration of recoveries in Belgium, most in Oct-Nov, but also in Mar, as a result of intensive ringing campaigns using sound-lures designed to capture actively migrating finches.

Movimientos anuales para Pardillo piquigualdo

Movements S to lowlands of coasts and estuaries, principally around S Baltic and N Sea, start from late Aug-late Sep; migration peaks in Oct-Nov. Twite are present in C Europe from Oct, remaining to Mar-Apr. Birds return to the breeding quarters as soon as weather conditions improve, which can be as early as Jan, up to Apr. N Scandinavian populations reach their breeding sites by Apr-May.

Conectividad por mes por región para Pardillo piquigualdo

Birds from the British Isles mainly overwinter there (Raine et al. 2006), but some cross the English Channel and are the mainly found in Belgium in Oct-Nov, but many of these of birds are probably still on passage and may go as far as N Italy (one encounter). Scandinavian birds (mainly from W Norway) move N-S, with most recoveries in winter (Oct-Mar, concentrated in Nov-Feb) in S Scandinavia to northern half of C/E Europe.

Referencias

Estadísticas Mapa
Nº de registros Nº de individuos Nº de recuperaciones
Datos en el mapa*
Total de datos disponibles
* Los datos del mapa incluyen solo recuperaciones lejanas (>= 50 km)
Referencias Mapa
Dunning, J.; Finch, T.; Davison, A.; Durrant, K.L.2020 . Population-specific migratory strategies of Twite Linaria flavirostris in Western Europe. Ibis 162: 273–278
Eaton, M., Aebischer, N., Brown, A., Hearn, R., Lock, L., Musgrove, A., Noble, D., Stroud, D., & Gregory, R.2015 . Birds of ConservationConcern 4: the populationstatus of birds in the UK,Channel Islands and Isle of Man. British Birds 108: 708–746
Raine, A. F., Sowter, D. J., Brown, A. F., Sutherland, W. J.Migration patterns of two populations of Twite Carduelis flavirostris in Britain. Rringing & Migration 23: 45–52

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Manx Shearwater by Helen Smith

Manx Shearwater P. puffinus is a monotypic black and white medium-sized tubenose of the Atlantic Ocean, breeding on islets off Iceland, Faeroe Islands, British Isles and NW France, but also Atlantic islands (Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands). Also breeding off NE Canada and Massachusetts. In winter, distributed across the whole Atlantic, down to the Cape of Good Hope and the Cape Horn, but absent from the Gulf of Guinea. Closely related Yelkouan Shearwater P. yelkouan is endemic to the Mediterranean, breeding from French islands to the eastern waters, wintering in the Black Sea too. Balearic Shearwater P. mauretanicus breeds only on Balearic Islands, and disperse in the Atlantic, especially the Bay of Biscay and Chanel, in the non-breeding season.

Season of assessment

B

Population trendUnknown
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		693000-779000,733000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Mapa

Conectividad global para Pardela pichoneta

The available data concern predominantly puffinus, ringed in the British Isles, and dispersing to many directions, to the West, South West and South. There are some recoveries to very long distances, in southern Argentina and South Africa. There are also numerous recoveries in Europe, across British waters, the North Sea and in the Gulf of Biscay. Tracking data of puffinus concern only the breeding season (Guilford et al. 2008; Wischnewski et al. 2019). Very few local recoveries of yelkouan along French and Italian coasts. Few recoveries of mauretanicus too, but more spread around Balearic Islands, from the Algerian coast to the Bay of Biscay.

Recuperaciones por condición para Pardela pichoneta

Historically two third of dead recoveries before 1960, turning to almost only live recoveries, but on breeding colonies, after 1990. Most recoveries obtained in the 2000s and from April to August.

Movimientos anuales para Pardela pichoneta

The relative dates of recoveries along South American coasts suggest a progression towards the South as the non-breeding season progresses, with records along Brazil in October-November, and along Argentina from November to February. Recoveries in the Bay of Biscay are mainly from March to May, suggesting that Manx Shearwaters moved to these waters on their way back to the breeding colonies. Movements between breeding colonies occur between March and September.

Conectividad por mes por región para Pardela pichoneta

Most recoveries of puffinus concern movements between breeding colonies during the breeding season, mostly from March to October. Recoveries along South American Atlantic coasts have been obtained in all months, but less numerous from May to September. Recoveries far South off Africa are from November and January. There is an extra-limital recovery of a British Manx in Australia in November 1961. Balearic birds are recovered outside the Mediterranean mainly in July to September, with birds returning to the Balearic Islands from November onwards.

Referencias

Estadísticas Mapa
Nº de registros Nº de individuos Nº de recuperaciones
Datos en el mapa*
Total de datos disponibles
* Los datos del mapa incluyen solo recuperaciones lejanas (>= 50 km)
Referencias Mapa
Guilford, T., Meade, J., Freeman, R., Biro, D., Evans, T.J., Bonadonna, F., Boyle, D., Roberts, S.J., Perrins, C.M.2008 . GPS tracking of the foraging movements of Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus breeding on Skomer Island, Wales. Ibis 150 Link to Article (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919X.2008.00805.x)
Wischnewski, S., Arneill, G.E., Bennison, A.W., Dillane, E., Poupart, T.A., Hinde, C.A., Jessopp, M.J., Quinn, J.L.2019 . Variation in foraging strategies over a large spatial scale reduces parent–offspring conflict in Manx shearwaters. Animal Behaviour 151 Link to Article (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.03.014) : 165–176

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Sergey Dereliev

Largest of the two yellow-billed swans, breeding along pools, lakes, rivers, and in marshes and bogs in the taiga and birch forest zones of northern Europe and Asia. Most breed in Russian Federation. European population is estimated at 25,300-32,800 pairs. Recently expanded its breeding range into Baltic states, Poland, Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands. Migratory, with central European birds moving only short distances. Diet consists of aquatic plants, grasses, sedges and horsetails. During winter also on agricultural fields and pastures. Threatened by habitat degradation in eastern part of range, trend unknown.

Season of assessment

B

Population trendIncreasing
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		66800-102000,82000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Mapa

Conectividad global para Cisne cantor

Very clear pattern with strong connections between breeding and wintering sites of different populations. Birds breeding Iceland strongly connected to wintering sites in Ireland, Scotland and Northern England, very few connections to European mainland. Birds breeding western Finland and Sweden connected to wintering sites in low countries, few Norfolk and along Elbe in Germany. Birds breeding in Baltic and southern Finland connected to wintering sites in Eastern Germany with clear concentrations along rivers Elbe and Oder. Polish breeding sites connect mainly to Elbe river in winter, also wintering closer-by in western Poland and at Bodensee on German-Swiss border and in Hungary.

Recuperaciones por condición para Cisne cantor

Most encounters after 1995, and during winter months. Juveniles ringed between mid-July and begin September. Shot birds rare, mainly Iceland, UK and Russia. Many reports of dead birds in same areas and Finland. Most reencounters are of birds of which rings or colourmarks were read in the field.

Movimientos anuales para Cisne cantor

Largely stable in December-February, with most re-encounters in UK and Ireland, low countries, Denmark, W Sweden, Germany and Poland. First birds arrive Sweden and Finland in March, northern Finland begin April. Low countries and UK and Ireland vacated by April, breeding birds arrive on Iceland. Wintering areas along Elbe and Oder vacated by mid-April, by mid-May all birds in breeding areas in Poland, Baltic, Finland and Iceland. Few encounters northern Russia in June and July. No change until end September, when first Icelandic birds start moving south. Birds arrive Western Germany begin October; end October first birds appear Denmark and low countries. Inland sites in Finland vacated end October, but quite many birds remain in SW Finland until end November. Birds appear Bodensee from November.

Conectividad por mes por región para Cisne cantor

Birds breeding Iceland connected to UK and Ireland in November-February. First arrive Iceland in April, last sightings in Oct on south coast. Birds wintering Norfolk mainly connect to Fennoscandia and exchange with wintering sites in low countries, some also Iceland. Birds in Polish breeding sites in May – Sept mainly found along Oder and especially Elbe in Nov – March, fewer remain on ponds in SW and W Poland. Connections to low countries very rare. Birds breeding Baltic and S. Finland Apr-Aug all found along Oder and Elbe in Nov-March with very few moving further West. Birds breeding Sweden and W Finland Apr-Aug found in Denmark and low countries in Nov-Feb. No clear staging areas visible. Connections to breeding areas further East in Russia rare, mainly from birds wintering C. Europe.

Referencias

Estadísticas Mapa
Nº de registros Nº de individuos Nº de recuperaciones
Datos en el mapa*
Total de datos disponibles
* Los datos del mapa incluyen solo recuperaciones lejanas (>= 50 km)

Callum Macgregor

Breeding distribution covers most of Europe except southernmost Mediterranean, and is restricted to mountains in the south of the range. Declining numbers because of agriculture intensification and climate change, though Least Concern on IUCN Red List. Short-distant or altitudinal migrant in southern part of range, truly migratory in northernmost part. Three subspecies: citrinella in most of Europe and south-east England, erythrogenys from eastern Balkans and Russia to Siberia, caliginosa in Ireland and Great Britain.

Season of assessment

B

Population trendDecreasing
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		39000000-54000000,45500000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Mapa

Conectividad global para Escribano cerillo

Most populations are resident, or undergo local winter dispersal to lower altitudes or coastal farmlands. Some migration in a south-westward direction, e.g. from the North to Central Europe to the West of Europe, or from East to South-Central or South East Europe. Movements also attested by winter recoveries in e.g. Iberia and Mediterranean coast of France, where the species does not breed. Possible long-distance movements from Central Russia as suggested by regular Mediterranean wintering records of an Asian sister species in Europe (Pine Bunting Emberiza leucocephalos), though no ringing efforts in the extreme East of the range. Reported wintering site fidelity in migratory populations wintering in NE Spain (Herrando et al. 2011), also changes in the wintering grounds between different years and movements due to cold spells (Cramp & Perrins 1994). No evidence of sex- or age-specific dispersal strategies (Lehikoinen et al. 2017).

Recuperaciones por condición para Escribano cerillo

As for many passerines, recoveries are mostly birds retrapped alive (globally ~80%). This has increased as a result of increased ringing effort since the 2000s, especially in NW and N Europe. Half of the recoveries before 1961 were of dead birds, but this has fallen to ~3% in recent years.

Movimientos anuales para Escribano cerillo

Most yellowhammers leave the northernmost part of the species range in October, and return in April. Records of breeders away from their region (North, East, …) are scattered from the first decade of October to the second decade of April. Movements from the West to Mediterranean wintering grounds seem to be more restricted in time, from late October to early March. The large ringing effort on in the North-West provide evidence that yellowhammers of ssp. caliginosa do not leave the British Isles.

Conectividad por mes por región para Escribano cerillo

Difficult to describe connectivity among months as most birds stay in their breeding region throughout the year, but some links can be described. In the North, movements within the region in October to move southwards, April to come back on breeding grounds, with very few recoveries elsewhere in Europe, despite an important ringing effort. Birds from Central Europe are present year-round in their region, but some recoveries in Mediterranean countries from mid-October to early March (Gyurácz et al. 2017). Less ring recoveries of caliginosa in Northern Scotland in mid-winter, but might be due to low ringing effort to recapture birds. Only two recoveries of British birds on the continent (in November and January), in countries with important winter ringing effort, so anecdotical.

Referencias

Estadísticas Mapa
Nº de registros Nº de individuos Nº de recuperaciones
Datos en el mapa*
Total de datos disponibles
* Los datos del mapa incluyen solo recuperaciones lejanas (>= 50 km)
Referencias Mapa
2011 . Atles dels ocells de Catalunya a l’hivern 2006-2009. Institut Català d’Ornitologia (ICO)/Lynx edicions, Barcelona, SpainEditor(s): Herrando, S., Brotons, L., Estrada, J., Guallar, S. & Anton, M.
1994 . The Birds of the Western Palearctic. Vol. 9. Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, New YorkEditor(s): Cramp, S., Perrins, C.
Gyurácz J., Bánhidi P., Góczán J., Illés P., Kalmár S., Koszorús P., Lukács Z., Németh C., Varga L2017 . Bird number dynamics during the post-breeding period at the Tömörd Bird Ringing Station, western Hungary. Ring 39: 23–82
Lehikoinen A, Santaharju J, Moller AP2017 . Sex-specific timing of autumn migration in birds: the role of sexual size dimorphism, migration distance and differences in breeding investment. Ornis Fennica 94: 53–65

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Sergey Dereliev

Pelagic gull breeding in colonies in the Arctic and subarctic region. Two subspecies, with the nominate one breeding from E Canada/Greenland to NW Russia, extending to S up to Iberia. Globally threatened species, classified as vulnerable (BirdLife International 2021)

Season of assessment

B

Population trendDecreasing
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		3250000-3450000,3330000
Red List categoryVU
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Mapa

Conectividad global para Gaviota tridáctila

A very pelagic gull (e.g., Bogdanova et al. 2011), so many recoveries show natal/breeding dispersal, rather than breeding-wintering migratory movements. Philopatry assessed to be relatively low (Coulson & Nève de Mévergnie 1992). Overall, dispersal occurs widely over N Atlantic, rarely to S Atlantic (W African coasts) or other areas (Mediterranean up to Ukraine). Return to breeding colonies normally not before the third summer, and adults move less than immatures (Barrett 1997). Birds from N colonies tend to winter N than birds from S colonies (Barrett & Bakken 1997), though connectivity is weak, overall, a finding also supported by genetic studies (McCoy et al. 2005).

Recuperaciones por condición para Gaviota tridáctila

Overall, most recoveries due to birds seen alive identified with leg ring(s) or other means (53%), followed by recaptures of ringed individuals (32%). Up to 1990, a high proportion (ca. 50%) of recoveries due to birds found dead, sick/wounded, and yet also a proportion of recoveries due to shot (up to 27% before 1960). From 1990 to present, a high majority of the recoveries are due to birds found alive, most (59%) identified with leg ring(s) or other means.

Movimientos anuales para Gaviota tridáctila

Colonies left by Jul-Aug, adult birds first. Return to breeding colonies from Jan (S part of their distribution range) or from Mar (N part of their range, mostly Arctic region). Distance of migration even vary among individual birds form a same colony, revealing complex dispersal pattern which is often associated to particular individual life histories (Bogdanova et al. 2011). 

Conectividad por mes por región para Gaviota tridáctila

C European Kittiwakes show apparently random natal/breeding dispersal from the N Sea area to S Greenland, NW Europe up to N Scandinavia. Few recoveries in winter, highly biased, most inland in C Europe (often drifted birds during storms). E Kittwakes from NE Fennoscandia show natal/breeding dispersal to UK up to Greenland. Recoveries in winter mostly SW, from Europe to E Canada. N Kittiwakes from W Scandinavia show movements W/SE, either in winter or due to natal/breeding dispersal, to NW Europe, Greenland, up to E Canada. NW gulls (mostly from UK) show natal/breeding dispersal mostly from NW to NE (i.e., from E Canada to NE Fennoscandia); winter recoveries more randomly, many around Faroe, also E Canada, W European coast from Iberia to S Scandinavia.

Referencias

Estadísticas Mapa
Nº de registros Nº de individuos Nº de recuperaciones
Datos en el mapa*
Total de datos disponibles
* Los datos del mapa incluyen solo recuperaciones lejanas (>= 50 km)
Referencias Mapa
Barrett, R. T., Bakken, V.1997 . Movements of Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla ringed in Norway. Ringing & Migration 18: 25–32
Barrett, R.T.1997 . Movements of Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla ringed in Norway. Ringing & Migration 18: 25–32
BirdLife International2021 . Species factsheet: Rissa tridactyla. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 11/10/2021.
Bogdanova, M. I., Daunt, F., Newell, M., Phillips, R. A., Harris, M. P., Wanless, S.2011 . Seasonal interactions in the black-legged kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla: links between breeding performance and winter distribution. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278: 2412–2418
Coulson, J. C., Nève de Mévergnies, G.1992 . Where do young Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla breed, philopatry or dispersal?. Ardea 80: 187–197
McCoy, K. D., Boulinier, T., Tirard, C.2005 . Comparative host–parasite population structures: disentangling prospecting and dispersal in the black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. Molecular Ecology 14: 2825–2838

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Aron Tanti

A common warbler found around the Mediterranean (Shirihai et al. 2001). First record in Russia in 2010, suggesting N colonization (Bulyuk & Leoke 2010). Mostly resident, though some populations are partly migratory and winter in N Africa (Shirihai et al. 2001). Insectivorous, though its diet has a high proportion of fruit (mostly berries), especially in the non-breeding period. 

Season of assessment

B

Population trendStable
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		15400000-32100000,21400000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Mapa

Conectividad global para Curruca cabecinegra

Data are from Mediterranean countries, mainly Spain and Italy. Encounters show random dispersal (mainly at <500 km), rather than true migration. There are exceptional long-distance recoveries in SW Palearctic/W Africa (Canary archipelago, Ghana) and in Cyprus. Several records in winter S of the Sahara, suggest that at least some birds are trans-Saharan migrants (Pearson & Lack 1992). 

Recuperaciones por condición para Curruca cabecinegra

There are no recoveries before 1961. Between 1961 and 1990, 76% of recoveries were recaptures by ringers, while <2% were shot. Since 1991, 99% of the recoveries are from birds recaptured alive by ringers.

Movimientos anuales para Curruca cabecinegra

There are encounters in every month of the year and throughout the range. Post-breeding dispersal starts late Aug and winter quarters in S Algerian Sahara are reached in Oct (Shirihai et al. 2001). The migratory birds retun to their breeding areas from late Feb to Apr (HBW).  

Conectividad por mes por región para Curruca cabecinegra

A chiefly resident species. See ‘Annual movements’.

Referencias

Estadísticas Mapa
Nº de registros Nº de individuos Nº de recuperaciones
Datos en el mapa*
Total de datos disponibles
* Los datos del mapa incluyen solo recuperaciones lejanas (>= 50 km)
Referencias Mapa
Bulyuk, V.N. & Leoke, D.2010 . The Sardinian Warbler, Sylvia melanocephala (J.F. Gmelin, 1789), a new species for Russia’s fauna. Avian Ecology and Behaviour 17: 23–24
Pearson, D. J., Lack, P. C.1992 . Migration patterns and habitat use by passerine and near-passerine migrant birds in eastern Africa. Ibis 134: 89–98
Shirihai, H., Gargallo, G. & Helbig, A.J2001 . Sylvia Warblers: Identification, Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Genus Sylvia. Helm Identification Guides. ISBN: 9780713639841Bloomsbury Publishing, London 576pp

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Anne Cotton

Large, predominantly black waterbird, relying almost entirely on fish. Breeds in small to very large colonies, found both in freshwater as well as marine habitats. Very large, near cosmopolitan breeding range. In Europe, disjunct breeding distribution from France and UK east to Black Sea region, Belarus, Baltic states, and N to northernmost Norway. Northern and eastern populations migratory, western and southern populations largely resident with some dispersal. European population 401,000-512,000 breeding pairs with increasing trend. Prone to drowning in fishing nets, some populations controlled.

Season of assessment

B

Population trendIncreasing
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		828000-1030000,926000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Mapa

Conectividad global para Cormorán grande

UK birds move due S to Atlantic coast of France and NW Spain. Birds in W Europe largely resident, Some move to France, fewer Spain and Tunisia. Central European breeders mainly move SW, some reaching Tunisia and French and Spanish Mediterranean coasts, minority moves SSE to Greece. Northern and eastern populations move longest, predominantly to Spain and Tunisia, one reached S Mali.  Males stay closer to breeding areas than females (Bregnballe et al. 1997). Minority of eastern populations move due S to Greece. Birds breeding northern Black Sea coast move to Middle east in winter or remain in area. Birds breeding Wolga Delta winter southern coast of Caspian Sea or further S to Persian Gulf.

Recuperaciones por condición para Cormorán grande

Almost two-thirds of all recoveries are of dead birds; among which 20% are shot or otherwise taken, remainder is other causes of death. Reports of shot birds biased towards France and Italy, few in N. Europe, almost none in low countries. Dead birds from other causes are relatively evenly distributed in coastal areas throughout Europe. Ringing recoveries very few, ring readings almost one-third, mainly in UK, Netherlands, Denmark and Germany.

Movimientos anuales para Cormorán grande

During winter Nov-Feb most re-encounters in N. Africa, SW, SC, W and C Europe, UK/Ireland and coast of Norway. From begin Mar numbers in NW Africa and Middle East decrease, fewer in France and fewer on Norway coast. From begin April N. Africa and SE Europe largely vacated. Begin May re-encounters more concentrated in colonies in NW, W, C and N. Europe. Begin Jun. whole of S. Europe vacated and marked concentrations in low countries, Denmark, coast of UK and France and Baltic coasts. First encounters in northernmost colonies begin May, until mid Aug. First birds return to N. Africa in Oct, more dispersed re-encounters in inland France, Spain, Italy. Birds re-appear in Middle East only end Nov.

Conectividad por mes por región para Cormorán grande

Winter re-encounters in Nov-Mar in N. Europe entirely confined to coast, and connected to northernmost breeding sites in Jun-Jul. Breeding birds in May-Jul connect to wintering sites in France, Spain, Italy and NW Africa. Few birds winter in E. Europe, encounters in Nov-Mar on Baltic, Black Sea and Caspian Sea coasts connected to close-by breeding sites. Breeding birds in May-Jul connect to wintering sites scattered over C, SW, SC and SE Europe in Oct-Feb. Wintering birds in W. Europe Oct-Mar connect to breeding sites in UK and Ireland, Denmark and Baltic in May-Jul, but not to Northernmost colonies. Breeding birds in May-Jul connect to wintering sites in France, Spain and Tunisia in Oct-Mar. Breeding season encounters in May-Jul in SW, SC and SE Europe mainly connect to more northern breeding sites in May-Jul.

Referencias

Estadísticas Mapa
Nº de registros Nº de individuos Nº de recuperaciones
Datos en el mapa*
Total de datos disponibles
* Los datos del mapa incluyen solo recuperaciones lejanas (>= 50 km)

Michele Mendi

A long-distance migratory passerine, breeding from W Europe/NW Africa to C Asia, and wintering across the Sahelian belt up to E Africa (BirdLife International 2021). In Europe, it avoids the coldest regions, incl. Scandinavia, the Baltic area, E Europe, Iceland, Ireland and the N half of UK; also some main mountain ranges like the Alps.  

Season of assessment

B

Population trendStable
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		20400000-30700000,24800000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Mapa

Conectividad global para Ruiseñor común

Few recoveries S of the Sahara, hampering us to obtain firm conclusions only using ring-recovery data. Recoveries in Europe/N Africa draw parallel migration patterns, with birds breeding in regions further W also passing further W (Iberia, NW Africa) than populations from further E regions (C Mediterranean, or SE Europe). Recent works using light-level geolocators show high connectivity in Africa (Sahelian belt), due to the existence of parallel migration patterns (Hahn et al. 2014), thus confirming what is sensed in Europe/N Africa. Detours in autumn larger for the W population than for the C/E European populations (Hahn et al. 2014). W/C nightingales change more often their wintering sites (>80%) than E birds (18%) (Hahn et al. 2014).

Recuperaciones por condición para Ruiseñor común

Most recoveries (96%) due to birds captured alive thanks to ringing. Before 1960, however, almost 30% of recoveries were due to birds found dead/sick/wounded. Since then, most recoveries fit to the general pattern show above.

Movimientos anuales para Ruiseñor común

Movements to S patent in Sep in Europe. Already in Oct, the amount of recoveries in Europe drops substantially hence reflecting that most birds would be then in Africa. Recoveries in the Sahelian belt from Nov to Mar (though take this with caution due to low sample size). Return to Europe patent in Mar. Recoveries suggest arrival to breeding quarters mostly in Apr. Few recoveries in Europe in winter. Nightingales wintering in S Europe (e.g. Guadalquivir region in S Spain) is becoming a frequent phenomenon (Morganti & Pulido 2012). Duration of autumn migration estimated to be ca. 70 days, and the spring one 30 days (Hahn et al. 2014).

Conectividad por mes por región para Ruiseñor común

Detailed data only possible if combining ring-recovery data with results from light-level geolocators. Departure from breeding sites in early Aug for the W/E populations, ca. 2 weeks later for the C population (Hahn et al. 2014). Important stopovers in Aug/Sep in: (1) W birds: Iberia, S France, Italy (more rarely), W/E Atlas; (2) C birds: Italy, E Atlas, Lybia; (3) E birds: SE Europe, E Sahara (Hahn et al. 2014). Recoveries in Mediterranean islands very common (e.g., Rubolini et al. 2005; Gargallo et al. 2011). Arrival to winter quarters in Oct. Departure in spring from Africa rather similar across populations, in Mar. Arrival to breeding quarters in Europe in Apr.

Referencias

Estadísticas Mapa
Nº de registros Nº de individuos Nº de recuperaciones
Datos en el mapa*
Total de datos disponibles
* Los datos del mapa incluyen solo recuperaciones lejanas (>= 50 km)
Referencias Mapa
BirdLife International 2021 . Species factsheet: Luscinia megarhynchos.
Gargallo, G., Barriocanal, C., Castany, J., Clarabuch, O., Escandell, R., López, G., Rguibi, H., Robson, D., Suarez, M.2011 . Spring bird migration in the Western Mediterranean: results from the Piccole Isole Project. Monografies del Museu de Ciències Naturals, 6., Barcelona.
Hahn, S., Emmenegger, T., Lisovski, S., Amrhein, V., Zehtindjiev, P., Liechti, F.2014 . Variable detours in long-distance migration across ecological barriers and their relation to habitat availability at ground. Ecology and Evolution 4: 4150–4160
Morganti, M., Pulido, F.2012 . Invernada de aves migradoras transaharianas en España. In: SEO/BirdLife (Eds.), Atlas de las aves en invierno en España 2007-2010. Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medioambiente-SEO/BirdLife, Madrid: 59–64
Rubolini, D., Spina, F., Saino, N.2005 . Correlates of timing of spring migration in birds: a comparative study of trans-Saharan migrants. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 85: 199–210

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