Contrôles par Condition for Chevalier sylvain

Most recoveries are at the end of breeding season and during autumn migration (~87% in Jul-Sep), when juveniles have primarily been ringed. The majority of encounters are in C and N Europe (~73% combined). the percentage of recoveries of dead birds decreased from 82% pre-1961 to 6% after 1991 with live birds increasing from 13% before 1961 to 84% after 1991 (mostly recaptures by ringers). Shooting was an important factor until about 20 years ago (74% of all pre-1961 and 46% of all 1961-90 recoveries), more recently shooting accounts for just 2.4% of all recoveries. Most of the distant (>=50 km) recoveries are less than 2,500 km away, but a few move >8,000 km.

Annual Movements for Chevalier sylvain

Post-breeding dispersal and autumn migration start as early as late Jun, adults being ahead of juveniles which follow about a month later. Migration takes place overland on a broad front (Van Gils et al. 2020). The mean direction for autumn migration in S Sweden was SSW for juveniles and SW for adults (Iwajomo et al. 2013). Autumn migration is most intensive Aug to mid-Sep, although the African wintering grounds are reached as early as late Jul. Spring migration takes place mostly Mar to mid-May, although some late migrants are encountered in the Mediterranean until late May. In Europe, spring migration is quick, with one peak and with males generally preceding females (Remisiewicz et al. 2006, 2007). Few birds remain in Africa in the breeding season.

Breeding sites are reached mostly in May, locally (far N) - even in early Jun.

Few birds remain summering in S Africa (Oschadleus 2002).

Connectivité par mois par région pour Chevalier sylvain

Dispersal movements and migration start in mid-summer, with adults leaving first. In Europe, peak passage is in late summer and early autumn. The birds are in their African wintering sites between late summer and mid-spring (rarely late spring). The wintering grounds in W Africa are mainly the Inner Niger Delta, the Gulf of Guinea and the Senegal Delta (Zwarts et al. 2009). In tropical Africa, return migration is mostly in early to mid-spring; late spring in the Mediterranean region and Europe. Data from Germany suggest a progressively earlier arrival in spring and delayed departure in autumn, presumably in response to climate change (Anthes 2004). The overall picture suggests that more easterly routes are taken in spring than in autumn.

Contrôles par Condition for Canard chipeau

Game species in some European countries. Most encounters are obtained from the mid-1970s to 1991 and after 2004. The encounters are almost equally spread throughout the year, except for the period Mar-May which produced the lowest number of them; a single peak is evident in Jan (ca. 15% of all encounters). NW Europe holds the bulk of encounters (37%), followed by W and C regions (ca. 19% each). The encounters based on dead birds (mostly as a result of shooting/ hunting) fluctuated over time (49% pre-1960, 82% in 1961-1990, and 34% after 1991), while those based on alive birds – markedly increased (from 4% pre-1960 to 65% after 1991). The latter is largely due to ringing recoveries and identification from a distance (wing tags) – coming mostly from W & C Europe.

Annual Movements for Canard chipeau

The breeding grounds are left by males in early Jul, preceding the females and young about a month (Scott, Rose, 1996). The species undergoes a flightless wing-moulting period in late summer at suitable locations (Leschack et al. 2020) – moulting concentrations are known from W & C Europe and Volga Delta, before the birds continue to their wintering grounds (Scott, Rose, 1996).

Autumn movements take place as early as Sep, mostly in Oct-Nov; the final wintering sites are usually reached by Dec. Small number of encounters exists from coastal wetlands in N Africa between Nov and Feb. Return movements in spring take place mostly in Mar-Apr. Single birds remain in their wintering areas until May.

Although the timing of the breeding season varies geographically the species typically nests later than other Anatini (Leschack et al. 2020).

Connectivité par mois par région pour Canard chipeau

Males, non-breeding females and failed breeders perform moult migrations starting from mid-summer; the successfully breeding females moult near brood-rearing areas (Leschack et al. 2020). Satellite tagging of birds from a moulting location to an autumn staging site in C Europe revealed multidirectional movements (Gehrold et al. 2014). Autumn migration is evident from the start of the season but is more intensive mid- to late autumn. The wintering grounds are normally occupied in early winter. Some birds overwinter as far S as N Africa and Tigris-Euphrates river system. Return migration takes place mostly early- to mid-spring, the breeding sites in the extreme N of species range can be reached in late spring (Noskov et al. 2016).

Contrôles par Condition for Chevalier cul-blanc

Most recoveries are after 2010. The majority are on autumn migration or in winter (82% in Aug-Feb). The bulk of encounters are in NW Europe (81%). The percentage of recoveries of dead birds was stable until 1990 (62-66%), then markedly decreased to less than 1% from 1991; recoveries of live birds have increased from ~30% before 1991 to almost 100% since then. Shooting was responsible for 44% of all recoveries before 1991, but is now negligible. Most shot birds are reported from W & SW Europe and the W Mediterranean (2nd half of 20th century), while most live birds are reported from N Europe (last 10 years). Most of the distant (>=50 km) recoveries have moved <2,000 km, although some move more than 5,500 km.

Annual Movements for Chevalier cul-blanc

Post-breeding dispersal starts early to mid-Jun and autumn migration is most intensive Aug-Sep with birds having left most breeding sites by early to mid-Oct. Birds arrive S of the Sahara in early Aug, reaching S Africa in Sep (Delany et al. 2009). In mild winters some birds stay as far N as S Scandinavia (Van Gils et al. 2020). Spring migration starts Feb-Mar, the latest ringing encounters from W & C Africa are from mid- to late Mar. Late migrants are present in Africa until early Apr (Van Gils et al. 2020). Spring passage through the Mediterranean  is mainly in Mar. Breeding sites are reached mostly in Apr (late Mar-early May depending on latitude). Birds migrating in late May in N Europe are mostly non-breeding 2nd year individuals (Noskov et al. 2016).

Connectivité par mois par région pour Chevalier cul-blanc

Post-breeding movements start very early, in mid-summer, females leave first followed by males and then juveniles. Autumn migration is mainly in late summer to early autumn. The sub-Saharan wintering grounds in Africa are reached as early as late summer, but mostly from early and mid-autumn onwards (Delany et al. 2009). Birds wintering in S England have a very high return rate (Smith et al. 1992) as do those from W Africa and C Europe (Van Gils et al. 2020). Return migration in Africa takes place mostly in late winter-early spring. Most breeding grounds in Europe are occupied mid- to late spring. Numerous birds marked in SE England during migration and in winter are encountered in S Scandinavia during the breeding season. Recovery data from SE & E Europe are very limited.

Contrôles par Condition for Grive draine

Until 1960, 72% of the recoveries were dead birds, including 28% shot birds. From 1961 to 1990 83% concerned dead birds, including 30% shot birds. From 1991 38% concerned dead birds, including 11% shot birds.
The vast majority of mistle thrushes was shot in France. There are also shot birds from NE Spain, Belgium, N Italy, Greece and Georgia.

Annual Movements for Grive draine

In Nov - Jan birds are concentrated in W Europe and S and C UK, fewer birds in S and E Europe, Ireland and Scotland, also a few in NW Africa and Georgia. In Feb - Apr numbers in S Europe and France decrease and in the UK, the Low Countries and C Europe numbers increase; birds have left NW Africa and Georgia. In May - Jul most birds are in the UKand the Low Countries, less birds in Spain, France, C Europe and Fennoscandia. In Aug - Oct numbers in E Europe and Fennoscandia decrease and numbers in W and S Europe increase, few birds arrived in NW Africa and Georgia.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Grive draine

Fennoscandian birds are found in W and SW Europe from Sep - Apr, most in Dec - Jan, Italy (most in Nov, 1 in Feb), C Europe (Mar - Apr), Albania and Greece (Oct - Feb), Turkey (Feb) and Georgia (Oct, Jan). UK birds are found in France and Belgium (Oct - Feb), Ireland (Oct - Jan). Birds of the Low Countries are mostly found in France (Oct - Jan, few in Apr - Mar), also in Spain (Oct - Feb) and Portugal (Apr). Birds of C and E Europe are found in W Europe (Sep - Mar), Spain and N Italy (Oct - Feb), Morocco (Dec), Algeria (Oct, Jan) and Greece (Jan - Feb). From E Europe also birds found in Georgia (Nov - Dec and Mar).

Contrôles par Condition for Rossignol progné

Most recoveries (90%) due to birds captured alive thanks to ringing. Before 1960, however, almost 30% of recoveries were due to birds found dead/sick/wounded. Since then, most recoveries fit to the general pattern show above.

Annual Movements for Rossignol progné

Ring-recovery data enough to disentangle temporal movement patterns in Europe/N Africa. Breeding quarters left by Aug. Passage in N Africa mostly in Sep. First recoveries S of the Sahara are found in Nov. Geolocators confirm these results, though provide more details for the period in which the birds are in Africa. Presence in Africa S of the Sahara from Sep to Mar [BMAREF303]. Passage in spring in Europe patent in Apr. Arrival to breeding quarters in May.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Rossignol progné

In autumn, concentrations N of Balcans in Aug-Sep, which could indicate some refueling. Then, main stopovers in SE Europe/NE Africa from late Aug to Sep. Geolocators reveal that first wintering sites in Sudan from Sep to Nov; then second winter quarters in Kenya in Nov-Dec, and then the last wintering area further S in Dec-Mar (Stach et al. 2012). Recoveries in spring suggest a further E passage than in autumn within the Mediterranean, with a higher proportion of recoveries in Israel as compared to Egypt. Such variations are normally due to the fact that birds tend to pass over those areas providing more suitable habitats to forage (e.g., Hahn et al. 2014).

Contrôles par Condition for Sterne naine

Most encounters occur during the breeding season, peaking in Jun-Jul (ca. 80% in total). The bulk of encounters come from C Europe (35%), followed by NW (25%) and W Europe (16%). Unlike many other species, the ratio between the recoveires of dead birds vs those from live birds has shown little change over time – 20% vs 77% or 78%  before 1990, and 11% vs 89% since 1991. The latter is mostly due to recoveries; nowadays 4% of all recoveries are colour-ring resightings. About 8% of all pre-1961 recoveries are of shot birds, this figure dropped to 4% in 1961-1990 and, from 1991, is very rare (<1%). Distant recoveries from SE Europe are almost completely absent. Most marking and finding sites are biased to colonies and the presence of ringers/birdwatchers.

Annual Movements for Sterne naine

Widespread autumn movements are evident from Aug. Numerous encounters from the Atlantic coasts of W & SW Europe in Aug and Sep are of birds breeding in NW, W, C & N Europe, which take S & SW routes. Few birds are encountered in W & C Mediterranean during migration. In autumn, European breeders from SW, SC and even SE (Greece) are found in NW Africa (mostly Sep-Nov,). The winter encounters from W Africa are mainly in Nov-Mar - mostly between Senegal and Sierra Leone, but also from the Gulf of Guinea (Ghana, Ivory Coast). Birds from European populations have been found wintering S to South Africa; a small number of birds overwinter in N Africa (Gochfeld et al. 2020). Spring migration takes place mostly in Apr-May.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Sterne naine

Post-breeding dispersal starts as early as mid-summer. Аutumn migration is pronounced in late summer and early autumn when many birds breeding in N, C & W Europe disperse along the coastal areas of the Low Countries, France and the Iberian Peninsula. Birds originating from SC and (at least some) SE Europe in Spain & NW Africa use the Atlantic flyway. Some birds migrate through the C Mediterranean. Most birds have left breeding sites by mid-autumn. Birds are found in W Africa mainly from late autumn to early spring. There is one encounter in winter in E Africa. Return movements take place primarily in mid- to late spring. Earliest return to the breeding grounds in N Europe is around mid-May (Noskov et al. 2016).

Contrôles par Condition for Aigrette garzette

Currently, most (ca. 75%) recoveries linked to birds seen alive identified from leg ring(s). Before 1960, a remarkable proportion of recovery data were due to dead recoveries by shot (>40%). This is pattern general for all Europe. Overall, most recoveries associated to colour-ringed birds; hence leg rings play a fundamental role to analyse the species’ movement patterns in Europe.

Annual Movements for Aigrette garzette

Post-natal/-breeding dispersal/migration seems to start as early as Jun (this probably more linked to dispersal and not to true migratory movements), though mostly from Jul to Aug. Arrival to wintering areas already since Sep; recoveries in Africa from Sep to Apr, most from Nov to Feb. Some birds found in Africa even in Jun, likely non-breeding (summering) birds (no evidence supporting that this might be natal dispersal).

Connectivité par mois par région pour Aigrette garzette

C/SC European egrets ringed in colonies up to Jul; recoveries outside already in Aug, reflecting dispersal rather than true migration. Some of these birds show, however, true long-distance migrations, mostly across a NE-SW axis, with recoveries in Africa from Sep to Jan (both in N Africa and along the Sahelian belt). A similar pattern is detected for the NW European egrets. Recoveries outside this region mostly from Oct to Feb, from Açores to Lybia; exceptionally, a bird seen in Iceland in Oct. Populations from W/SW Europe, again, show a similar pattern. Long-distance movements across a NE-SW axis, with recoveries in NW-W Africa, the Canary archipelago and some islands from C/S America. These long-distance recoveries happen mostly from Aug to Feb, yet birds are detected in Africa in spring/summer.

Contrôles par Condition for Bécasseau sanderling

Over 80% of encounters refers to ringing recoveries, which are most common in Western Europe and some regular ringing sites along African coast. Some 8% refer to birds of which rings or colour marks were read in the field, and these observations are almost entirely confined to Europe. Reports of shot and intentionally taken birds make up 10%, and occur mainly in France, Spain, Mediterranean coasts and Western Africa.

Annual Movements for Bécasseau sanderling

During mid Oct to end Apr, all re-encounters are in NW, W and SW Europe and Africa. In Southern Africa only between mid Jan and mid Mar. End Apr birds start moving NW within UK, begin May first birds on Iceland, majority from mid Jun to begin Jul. On Greenland from begin Jun to end Jul, Svalbard and Russia end Jun. First birds return in Europe mid Jul, widespread and common in Aug through mid Sep, fewer Oct. On African coasts from begin Sept. Along coasts of Black Sea and eastern Mediterranean begin May and mid Aug to end Sep.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Bécasseau sanderling

Birds in W Europe and UK in winter connect to Iceland in May, Greenland June, and to Baltic in Aug-Sep. Spring passage Apr-May connects to both Greenland, northern Scandinavia and Russia in Jun-Jul, and Africa Sep-Mar. Birds during autumn passage Aug-Oct connect to Iceland in May, West Africa in winter and Baltic in Aug-Sep. Few birds in summer show similar patterns. One connection with Black Sea Oct. Relatively many connections between SW in winter/spring and Norway in Aug-Sep. Few connections between N and C Europe in winter and close by shores in various months. Few connections during Apr-May and Africa Dec-Jan. Most connections during Aug-Oct with Iceland May, Greenland Jun-Jul, White Sea Sep and W Europe and Africa Sep-Feb. One direct connection between Greenland Jun and Cabo Verde Apr.

Contrôles par Condition for Venturon montagnard

Overall, practically all recoveries due to birds recaptured alive by ringing. Before 1990, however, around 20% of recoveries were due to birds found dead, sick or wounded.

Annual Movements for Venturon montagnard

Migration in autumn takes place from Sep-Oct to Nov. Birds remain at their wintering sites up to Feb, returning to their breeding quarters in Mar-Apr.

Connectivité par mois par région pour Venturon montagnard

Breeding quarters in places from Spain (e.g., W Pyrenees) left in winter, when birds move mostly to E/SE. After breeding, dispersal from conifer forests to nearby mountain pastures common (Borràs et al. 2003, Alonso & Arizaga 2004), then migration to winter quarters in Sep-Oct; return to breeding quarters in Mar-Apr (Alonso & Arizaga 2004). Recoveries of citril finches caught in passage in Col de Bretolet (Alps) mainly in summer (Aug, Sep) concentrated in S France, up to (more rarely) E Iberia, mainly from Nov to Feb. Many of these birds from Alps come from breeding quarters in S Germany (Förschler & Kalko 2007).

Contrôles par Condition for Roselin cramoisi

Overall, most recoveries due to birds recaptured alive (96.2%). No data before 1960. There has been a remarkable difference between periods 1961-1990 and 1991-present in the proportion of birds seen alive, identified by other means than ringing: before 1990, this proportion just comprised <2% of all recoveries but from 1991 to present it increased up to 30%, due to the promotion of studies using rings to be read at distance.

Annual Movements for Roselin cramoisi

Description focused in nominate subspecies, C. e. eryhtrinus breeding in Fennoscandia and leaving theses areas from late Jul to Aug, arriving to wintering quarters in S Asia in Oct. Spring migration back to breeding areas start mid-Apr, is faster than in autumn, with arrival to breeding quarters by the end of May-Jun (Stach et al. 2016).

Connectivité par mois par région pour Roselin cramoisi

Most data come from captures/recaptures obtained during breeding period in Europe, from May to Aug, thus revealing either local natal/breeding dispersal of the first and last steps of their migration to/from S Asia. Recoveries from E Europe/Central Asia probably reveal stopovers, and these may fit with the observed loop migration as revealed by light-level geolocators (Stach et al. 2016), with more N routes in autumn (recovery in Aug in N Kazakhstan) than in spring (recovery in May in Uzbekistan).