Callum Macgregor

Breeds mainly in coniferous woodland habitats from Eurasia (BirdLife International 2021). In Europe, absent in too dry and too cold regions. Mainly resident except some N populations that move S in winter; occasionally irruptive.

Season of assessment

B

Population trendStable
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		31500000-55700000,40600000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Map

Overall Connectivity for Coal Tit

Most recoveries caused by short-range movements (<500 km) reflecting dispersal. Movements from W/C Europe mainly random. In N/E Europe, longer-distance movement patterns show a main NE-SW axis, which show migration from NE Europe/Russia to C Europe, reaching W Europe, with many recoveries in the Low Countries. However, sometimes also movements to N (some birds move N from inland Russia to the Arctic sea shores; Gosler & Clement 2007). Birds ringed in Switzerland, many of them in passage through Col de Bretolet, come from C Europe, overwinter from S France to Italy. Practically no recoveries from UK outside the island. Two exceptional recoveries in Mauritania and Burkina Faso.  

Recoveries by Condition for Coal Tit

Overall, 96% of recoveries due to birds recaptured alive by ringing. Before 1960, however, almost 25% of recoveries were associated to birds found dead, sick or wounded. From 1960, however, already ca. 90% of recoveries were due to birds seen alive, many recaptures from ringing. Nowadays, the proportion of individuals found dead, sick or wounded is absolutely marginal (ca. 1%).  

Annual Movements for Coal Tit

mostly resident. Juvenile birds move more than adult ones (Gosler & Clement 2007). When moving, breeding ranges left from Aug to Nov; return back to these from Apr to May.

Connectivity by Month by Region for Coal Tit

See ‘Annual movements’.

Olatz Aizpurua & Juan Arizaga

References

Statistics Map
N records N individuals N recoveries
Mapped data*
Total available data
*Mapped data include only distant (>= 50 km) recoveries
References Map
BirdLife International 2021 . Species factsheet: Periparus ater.
Gosler, A. G., Clement, P.2007 . Family Paridae (Tits and Chicakdees). In: Handbook of the Birds of the World, vol 12. Lynx, BarcelonaEditor(s): Del Hoyo, J., Elliot, A., Christie, D. A.

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