Overall Connectivity for Western Capercaillie

All European populations are largely sedentary. The few recoveries of >=50 km only include local movements of less than 300 km of no prevailing direction (Fennoscandia, Estonia, Scotland and C Europe). Natal dispersal is mostly within 6-7 km, rarely up to 30-50 km. Although rare, irruptive movements of more than 1,000 km occur (Potapov & Flint 1987, de Juana & Kirwan 2020). Work in Scotland found that females tend to move farther and earlier than males, older birds first, young females second, thereafter old males and young males last (Moss et al. 2006). Data from NW Russia suggest an emigration of youngsters from native into logged areas withmaturing males ater returning and attempting to join leks (Borchtchevski & Moss, 2014).