Aron Tanti

The species occupies various types of tundra habitats – from typical to shrub tundra and floodplains in forest tundra. Outside breeding season it occurs on variety of inland and coastal wetland types (Van Gils et al. 2020). Species’ breeding range extends across most of the Arctic and sub-Arctic from Fennoscandia to Chukotka. European population is concentrated in most of Norway, and in the N parts of Sweden, Finland and Russia (Keller et al. 2020).

Long-distance migrant, the European populations overwinter mostly in sub-Saharan Africa (but mainly N of the equator).

Its population trend in Europe is stable. Evaluated as “Least Concern” (BirdLife International 2021).

Season of assessment

B

Population trendUnknown
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)		166000-248000,203000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Map

Overall Connectivity for Temminck's Stint

Migratory species, the wintering grounds are mostly in N tropical Africa; low numbers overwinter locally in the Mediterranean region of S Europe (Van Gils et al. 2020). General movement pattern follows NE – SW direction. Most of the N European breeders take SW & S routes, with a number of inland and coastal encounters at lower latitudes on the continent S to NW Africa (Morocco) and N Africa (Algeria and Tunisia). It seems a smaller part of birds migrate SE, with some encounters in the Black Sea region and European Russia.

Tracking study of birds breeding in S Norway revealed wintering grounds in W Africa (Mali) and a skipping migration strategy used by the species (Lislevand, Hahn, 2015).

Long-distance ringing recoveries from tropical Africa apparently lacking. There are very few encounters from E & SE Europe.

Recoveries by Condition for Temminck's Stint

Most encounters are obtained after the early 1990s. They come mainly from the mid- to late breeding season, peaking in Jun-Aug (85% combined). Most encounters in May-Jul are based primarily on adults while those from Aug – mainly juveniles. Majority of encounters are recorded in N & C Europe (85 and 8% respectively). The encounters based on dead birds decreased markedly over time: from 94% pre-1960 to less than 1% after 1991; those based on alive birds considerably increased from virtually 0% before 1960 to 99% after 1991. The latter is mostly due to ringing recoveries, and especially to colour mark records (33% of all encounters). Shooting as а factor has been largely reduced from 78% pre-1960 to practically 0% after 1991; most historical data come from the W Mediterranean.

Annual Movements for Temminck's Stint

Post-breeding dispersal and autumn migration start as early as Jul, adults usually precede juveniles. S Europe and the Mediterranean region are reached mostly in Aug-Sep, but some encounters from Oct-Nov also exist. S European and N/NW African encounters from Dec-Feb suggest possible overwintering in those regions. Departure from African wintering grounds is mid-Mar to April (Delany et al. 2009). The number of encounters in the Mediterranean region start to increase from mid-Apr and the breeding grounds are occupied May-Jun.

Tracked S Norwegian breeders left their breeding sites in late Jul and overwintered in Mali from Sep to late Apr/early May, most likely in the Niger River Basin or surrounding areas; in spring, after stopping over in coastal Algeria, the breeding grounds were reached back in early Jun (Lislevand, Hahn, 2015).

Connectivity by Month by Region for Temminck's Stint

Dispersal movements after the breeding season start in mid-summer, the autumn migration being intensive in late summer and early autumn with numerous encounters in C & S Europe. Mediterranean region & S Europe hold very few encounters from mid- to late autumn. Small number of birds possibly overwinter in SW/S Europe and NW/N Africa, based on a limited number of recoveries from early to late winter.

Extrapolation of the overall migration direction of the birds passing through S Sweden indirectly supports the data showing wintering grounds of the species in W Africa (Hedenström, 2004).

Concentration of encounters in NE Italy (Po Delta), S Italy and S France (Camargue) possibly indicate important stopover areas in the Mediterranean region.

A bird ringed in S France has been encountered in Benin (W Africa) in Mar (Delany et al. 2009).

Boris Nikolov

References

Statistics Map
N records N individuals N recoveries
Mapped data*
Total available data
*Mapped data include only distant (>= 50 km) recoveries
References Map
2009 . An Atlas of Wader Populations in Africa and Western Eurasia. Wetlands International, Wageningen, The NetherlandsEditor(s): Delany, S., Scott, D., Dodman, T. & Stroud, D.
2020 . European Breeding Bird Atlas 2: Distribution, Abundance and Change. European Bird Census Council & Lynx Edicions, BarcelonaEditor(s): Keller, V., S. Herrando, P. Voříšek, et al.
BirdLife International 2021 . Species factsheet: Calidris temminckii. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 13/12/2021.
Hedenström, A. 2004 . Migration and morphometrics of Temminck's Stint Calidris temminckii at Ottenby, southern Sweden. 22Ringing & Migration : 51–58
Lislevand, T., Hahn, S. 2015 . Skipping-type migration in a small Arctic wader, the Temminck's stint Calidris temminckii. 46J Avian Biol: 419–424
Van Gils, J., P. Wiersma, and G. M. Kirwan 2020 . Temminck's Stint (Calidris temminckii), version 1.0. In Birds of the World Link to Article (DOI: https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.temsti.01) Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA

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