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Sergey Dereliev

The species occupies various types of open coastal and inland water-fringed habitats, breeding on bare or sparsely vegetated beaches and dunes, islands, banks, flats, salt-marshes, saltpans etc (Molina et al. 2020). Globally distributed across the middle latitudes of all continents. Apart from a small population by the North Sea, most European populations are located in the Mediterranean/ Black Sea region and SW Russia. European strongholds are in Spain & Ukraine (Keller et al. 2020).

Eurasian-African/Asian migrant. European populations winter largely in Africa.

Its population trend in Europe is increasing. Evaluated as “Least Concern” (BirdLife International 2021).

Season of assessment

B

Population trendStable
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)
26700-37400,30900
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
N records N individuals N recoveries
Mapped data*
Total available data
*Mapped data include only distant (>= 50 km) recoveries