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Bibliographie
Références
BirdLife International 2021
. Species factsheet: Chroicocephalus ridibundus.
Olsen, K. M., Larsson, H.2004
. Gulls of Europe, Asia and North America. Helm Identification Guides, London
En cours de chargement...
En cours de chargement...
Widespread Palaearctic small gull. Breeding in colonies in reedbeds, marshy areas and ponds near coasts. Migratory behaviour ranges from resident to partial migrant or migratory. Migratory strategy increases with increasing latitude/longitude (BirdLife international 2021).
N and W European populations move across a NE-SW axis of migration. Fennoscandian population migrates mostly to British Islands the English Channel and the Wadden sea area. Few recoveries in N Africa and Iberia. W population partial migrant; those migrating reach Iberia. British population mostly resident or dispersive, with some recoveries in Iberia and one in Morocco. Birds from Iceland migratory (Olsen & Larsson 2004); recovery data from only two birds, found in Britain. C European birds show short-distance migration with SW direction; also many dispersive movements reported. E birds also move SW; those from the Baltic sea area move to W Europe; those breeding further inland (up to Russia) overwinter in SE Europe, E Mediterranean, up to Egypt (with an exceptional recovery in Congo).
Overall, most recoveries are due to birds seen alive (ca. 83%). 32% of recoveries identified with metal ring, 26% with leg ring(s) and 14% identified by other means. The proportion of dead recoveries due to sickness or wound was found to be relatively high for the period before 1960 (48%) or 1961-1990 (44%), then decreasing up to <5% from 1990 to present. Proportion of dead recoveries by shot was 26% before 1960, 10% between 1961-1990; virtually zero from 1990 to present.
Annual Movements for Mouette rieuse
Post-fledging migration starts in Jun, peaks in mid-Aug/Sep. Spring migration starts in Feb. Arrival to breeding quarters is later with increasing latitude: the Baltic and Fennoscandian birds reach their breeding sites in late Mar/Apr.
Connectivité par mois par région pour Mouette rieuse
A similar temporal pattern for all populations; see ‘Annual movements’.